United States Geological Survey, Sacramento, CA 95818, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2013 Aug 15;73(1):144-53. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.05.028. Epub 2013 Jun 19.
The current study documents the fate of current-use pesticides in an agriculturally-dominated central California coastal estuary by focusing on the occurrence in water, sediment and tissue of resident aquatic organisms. Three fungicides (azoxystrobin, boscalid, and pyraclostrobin), one herbicide (propyzamide) and two organophosphate insecticides (chlorpyrifos and diazinon) were detected frequently. Dissolved pesticide concentrations in the estuary corresponded to the timing of application while bed sediment pesticide concentrations correlated with the distance from potential sources. Fungicides and insecticides were detected frequently in fish and invertebrates collected near the mouth of the estuary and the contaminant profiles differed from the sediment and water collected. This is the first study to document the occurrence of many current-use pesticides, including fungicides, in tissue. Limited information is available on the uptake, accumulation and effects of current-use pesticides on non-target organisms. Additional data are needed to understand the impacts of pesticides, especially in small agriculturally-dominated estuaries.
本研究通过关注水生生物组织、水和沉积物中残留农药的情况，记录了当前加利福尼亚中部沿海农业为主的河口区使用的农药的命运。本研究检测到了三种杀菌剂（唑菌酯、啶酰菌胺和吡唑醚菌酯）、一种除草剂（敌稗）和两种有机磷杀虫剂（毒死蜱和二嗪农）。河口区水中的农药浓度与施药时间相对应，底泥中的农药浓度与潜在污染源的距离相对应。在河口附近采集的鱼类和无脊椎动物中经常检测到杀菌剂和杀虫剂，其污染物特征与采集的沉积物和水不同。这是首次记录许多当前使用的农药（包括杀菌剂）在组织中的存在。目前关于非靶标生物对当前使用农药的吸收、积累和影响的信息有限。需要更多的数据来了解农药的影响，尤其是在小型以农业为主的河口。
