Mitchell-Box Kristen M, Braun Kathryn L
1University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA.
J Hum Lact. 2013 Nov;29(4):473-9. doi: 10.1177/0890334413491833. Epub 2013 Jun 21.
Informal sources of support, particularly the male partner, have more influence on breastfeeding behaviors than formal support from health care providers. This systematic review examined the impact of male-partner-focused breastfeeding interventions on breastfeeding initiation, exclusivity, and continuation. Four unique interventions were identified that were tested through randomized controlled studies or quasi-experimental design. These 4 provided breastfeeding education to fathers, with breastfeeding outcomes reported by the mother. Three of the 4 studies compared initiation rates between intervention and control conditions, and 2 showed significantly higher rates of breastfeeding initiation in the intervention group. Although studies were inconsistent in their categorization and reporting of full, partial, or no breastfeeding, significantly higher rates of breastfeeding initiation, exclusivity, and/or continuation were seen for 2 interventions. Because all 4 interventions found at least 1 breastfeeding outcome to be superior in the treatment group, breastfeeding education should be offered to male partners. Future studies should test if intervention effectiveness can be increased if education is supplemented with other activities. Future studies also should use controlled designs and validated outcome measures.
非正式支持来源，尤其是男性伴侣，对母乳喂养行为的影响比医疗保健提供者的正式支持更大。本系统综述考察了以男性伴侣为重点的母乳喂养干预措施对母乳喂养开始、纯母乳喂养及持续母乳喂养的影响。确定了四项独特的干预措施，这些措施通过随机对照研究或准实验设计进行了测试。这四项措施为父亲提供母乳喂养教育，由母亲报告母乳喂养结果。四项研究中的三项比较了干预组和对照组之间的母乳喂养开始率，其中两项研究显示干预组的母乳喂养开始率显著更高。尽管各项研究在对完全母乳喂养、部分母乳喂养或非母乳喂养的分类和报告上并不一致，但有两项干预措施的母乳喂养开始率、纯母乳喂养率和/或持续母乳喂养率显著更高。由于所有四项干预措施都发现治疗组至少有一项母乳喂养结果更优，因此应该为男性伴侣提供母乳喂养教育。未来的研究应测试，如果在教育中辅以其他活动，干预效果是否可以提高。未来的研究还应采用对照设计并使用经过验证的结果指标。
