Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Nat Commun. 2013;4:2070. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3070.
Gall midges induce formation of host nutritive cells and alter plant metabolism to utilize host resources. Here we show that the gene Mayetiola destructor susceptibility-1 on wheat chromosome 3AS encodes a small heat-shock protein and is a major susceptibility gene for infestation of wheat by the gall midge M. destructor, commonly known as the Hessian fly. Transcription of Mayetiola destructor susceptibility-1 and its homoeologs increases upon insect infestation. Ectopic expression of Mayetiola destructor susceptibility-1 or induction by heat shock suppresses resistance of wheat mediated by the resistance gene H13 to Hessian fly. Silencing of Mayetiola destructor susceptibility-1 by RNA interference confers immunity to all Hessian fly biotypes on normally susceptible wheat genotypes. Mayetiola destructor susceptibility-1-silenced plants also show reduced lesion formation due to infection by the powdery mildew fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici. Modification of susceptibility genes may provide broad and durable sources of resistance to Hessian fly, B. graminis f. sp. tritici, and other pests.
麦圆管蚜诱导寄主营养细胞的形成，并改变植物代谢以利用寄主资源。在这里，我们表明小麦 3AS 染色体上的 Mayetiola destructor susceptibility-1 基因编码一种小热休克蛋白，是麦圆管蚜（俗称禾谷缢管蚜）侵染小麦的主要易感性基因。麦圆管蚜侵染后，Mayetiola destructor susceptibility-1 及其同源基因的转录增加。异位表达 Mayetiola destructor susceptibility-1 或热休克诱导会抑制由抗性基因 H13 介导的小麦对禾谷缢管蚜的抗性。通过 RNA 干扰沉默 Mayetiola destructor susceptibility-1 可使所有禾谷缢管蚜生物型对通常易感的小麦基因型产生免疫。沉默 Mayetiola destructor susceptibility-1 的植株也显示出由于感染白粉菌 Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici 而导致的损伤形成减少。易感性基因的修饰可能为禾谷缢管蚜、白粉菌 Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici 和其他害虫提供广泛和持久的抗性来源。
