Allen W C
Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri Health Sciences Center, Columbia 65212.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1990 Aug(257):57-60.
In 1981, the Advisory Council for Orthopaedic Education published a list of 175 orthopedic postgraduate fellowships. Since that time, several groups within orthopedics have discussed various methods for enhancing the educational nature of fellowships as they related to orthopedic residency programs. The orthopedic community as a whole has concurred about the concept of accrediting fellowships, ensuring a minimum standard educational quality, and keeping the growth of fellowships in some areas from adversely affecting the educational quality of a residency program. When fellowships are accredited, standards are created, such as the requirement that a fellowship must last at least one year, and depending on the area of specialization, include both research and clinical work. Certification and accreditation are separate issues. Certification is the process of credentialing individual physicians as specialists and is the responsibility of a specialty board. Accreditation is the process of identifying residency and fellowship programs that meet published educational standards and is the responsibility of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and the corresponding Residency Review Committee. There is little question that the educational process that occurs during a fellowship can have a beneficial effect on the learning process of residents and vice versa.
1981年，骨科教育咨询委员会公布了175个骨科研究生奖学金项目名单。从那时起，骨科领域的几个团体讨论了各种方法，以提高与骨科住院医师培训项目相关的奖学金项目的教育性质。整个骨科界已就奖学金项目认证的概念达成共识，即确保最低标准的教育质量，并防止某些领域奖学金项目的增加对住院医师培训项目的教育质量产生不利影响。当奖学金项目获得认证时，就会制定标准，例如要求奖学金项目必须至少持续一年，并根据专业领域的不同，包括研究和临床工作。认证和认可属于不同的问题。认证是对个体医生作为专科医生进行资格认定的过程，由专科委员会负责。认可是确定符合公布的教育标准的住院医师培训和奖学金项目的过程，由毕业后医学教育认证委员会和相应的住院医师评审委员会负责。毫无疑问，奖学金项目期间的教育过程会对住院医师的学习过程产生有益影响，反之亦然。
