Ciesler Jessica, Sari Youssef
University of Toledo, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
Open J Neurosci. 2013 Apr 8;3. doi: 10.13055/ojns_3_1_2.130408.
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system correlated to their symptoms. Among these neurodegenerative diseases are Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Neurodegeneration is mostly restricted to specific neuronal populations: cholinergic neurons in AD and motoneurons in ALS. The demonstration that the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases in models of transgenic mice, in particular, is delayed or improved by the application of neurotrophic factors and derived peptides from neurotrophic factors has emphasized their importance in neurorestoration. A range of neurotrophic factors and growth peptide factors derived from activity-dependent neurotrophic factor/activity-dependent neuroprotective protein has been suggested to restore neuronal function, improve behavioral deficits and prolong the survival in animal models. In this review article, we focus on the role of trophic peptides in the improvement of AD and ALS. An understanding of the molecular pathways involved with trophic peptides in these neurodegenerative diseases may shed light on potential therapies.
神经退行性疾病的特征是中枢神经系统中神经元和神经胶质细胞的渐进性丧失，这与它们的症状相关。这些神经退行性疾病包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）和肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）。神经退行性变大多局限于特定的神经元群体：AD中的胆碱能神经元和ALS中的运动神经元。特别是在转基因小鼠模型中，应用神经营养因子和神经营养因子衍生的肽可延迟或改善神经退行性疾病的发生和进展，这一事实凸显了它们在神经修复中的重要性。一系列源自活性依赖神经营养因子/活性依赖神经保护蛋白的神经营养因子和生长肽因子被认为可以恢复神经元功能、改善行为缺陷并延长动物模型的生存期。在这篇综述文章中，我们聚焦于营养肽在改善AD和ALS方面的作用。了解这些神经退行性疾病中与营养肽相关的分子途径可能会为潜在的治疗方法提供线索。
