Pediatrics. 2013 Jul;132(1):198-203. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-1282.
The American Academy of Pediatrics issued its last statement on homosexuality and adolescents in 2004. Although most lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth are quite resilient and emerge from adolescence as healthy adults, the effects of homophobia and heterosexism can contribute to health disparities in mental health with higher rates of depression and suicidal ideation, higher rates of substance abuse, and more sexually transmitted and HIV infections. Pediatricians should have offices that are teen-friendly and welcoming to sexual minority youth. Obtaining a comprehensive, confidential, developmentally appropriate adolescent psychosocial history allows for the discovery of strengths and assets as well as risks. Referrals for mental health or substance abuse may be warranted. Sexually active LGBTQ youth should have sexually transmitted infection/HIV testing according to recommendations of the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention based on sexual behaviors. With appropriate assistance and care, sexual minority youth should live healthy, productive lives while transitioning through adolescence and young adulthood.
美国儿科学会于 2004 年发布了其关于同性恋和青少年的最后一份声明。尽管大多数女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别和疑问（LGBTQ）青年相当有韧性，并从青春期健康成长为成年人，但恐同和异性恋歧视的影响可能会导致心理健康方面的健康差异，包括更高的抑郁和自杀意念发生率、更高的物质滥用率，以及更多的性传播感染和 HIV 感染。儿科医生的办公室应该对青少年友好，欢迎性少数青年。获取全面、保密、符合发展阶段的青少年心理社会史，可以发现优势和资产，以及风险。根据疾病预防控制中心性传播疾病治疗指南的建议，可能需要进行心理健康或物质滥用的转介。有性行为的 LGBTQ 青少年应根据性行为进行性传播感染/艾滋病毒检测。在适当的帮助和关怀下，性少数青年应该在过渡到青春期和成年早期时过上健康、富有成效的生活。
