Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2013 Aug;89(2):259-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.06.019. Epub 2013 Jun 22.
Sleep deprivation can result in significant impairments in daytime neurobehavioral functioning in children. Neural substrates impacted by sleep deprivation include the prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia and amygdala and result in difficulties with executive functioning, reward anticipation and emotional reactivity respectively. In everyday life, such difficulties contribute to academic struggles, challenging behaviors and public health concerns of substance abuse and suicidality. In this article, we aim to review 1) core neural structures impacted by sleep deprivation; 2) neurobehavioral problems associated with sleep deprivation; 3) specific mechanisms that may explain the relationship between sleep disturbances and neurobehavioral dysfunction; and 4) sleep problems reported in common neurodevelopmental disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs).
睡眠剥夺可导致儿童日间神经行为功能显著受损。受睡眠剥夺影响的神经基础包括前额叶皮层、基底神经节和杏仁核，分别导致执行功能、奖励预期和情绪反应方面的困难。在日常生活中，这些困难导致学习困难、行为问题以及物质滥用和自杀意念的公共卫生问题。在本文中，我们旨在综述 1）受睡眠剥夺影响的核心神经结构；2）与睡眠剥夺相关的神经行为问题；3）可能解释睡眠障碍与神经行为功能障碍之间关系的特定机制；以及 4）包括注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）在内的常见神经发育障碍中报告的睡眠问题。
