1University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2013 Oct;39(10):1259-67. doi: 10.1177/0146167213492431. Epub 2013 Jun 24.
Do people take risks to obtain rewards or experience suspense? We hypothesized that people vulnerable to gambling are motivated more by the allure of winning money whereas people less vulnerable to gambling are motivated more by the allure of suspense. Consistent with this hypothesis, participants with high scores on a subscale of the Gambling Attitudes and Beliefs Survey--a measure of vulnerability to gambling--reported more of a motivation to earn money (pilot study), were more likely to accept a certain or near-certain amount of money than to gamble for that same amount (Studies 1-2), and worked harder to earn money (Study 3). People vulnerable to gambling also made more accurate predictions about how much they would gamble. People less vulnerable to gambling, in contrast, gambled more than people vulnerable to gambling, but did not know that they would.
人们是为了获得奖励还是体验悬念而冒险？我们假设，容易赌博的人更多地受到赢得金钱的诱惑，而不太容易赌博的人更多地受到悬念的诱惑。与这一假设一致的是，在赌博态度和信念调查的一个分量表上得分较高的参与者——这是衡量对赌博的脆弱性的一种衡量标准——报告说更有赚钱的动机（初步研究），更有可能接受一定或几乎确定的金额，而不是为了同样的金额去赌博（研究 1-2），并且更努力地赚钱（研究 3）。容易赌博的人对自己会赌多少钱的预测也更准确。相比之下，不太容易赌博的人比容易赌博的人赌得更多，但他们并不知道自己会这样做。
