Weatherly Jeffrey N, McDougall Casey L, Gillis Angelique A
Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks 58202-8380, USA.
J Psychol. 2006 Jul;140(4):347-61. doi: 10.3200/JRLP.140.4.347-361.
Using a slot machine simulation, our laboratory has found that participants, given the opportunity not to gamble and to keep the money they have been staked, almost always choose to play the simulation. In this study, the authors investigated whether increasing the salience of the money for which participants played or increasing the response effort required to gamble the money would decrease gambling. In Experiment 1, participants in different groups were told about, were shown, or held the dollars 10 they were to be staked to play the simulation. Results showed that participants who held the money prior to gambling played fewer trials and bet less money than participants in other groups. In Experiment 2, participants in different groups were staked with dollars 5 in nickels, quarters, or their choice of nickels or quarters. Results showed that the participants staked with nickels ultimately gambled a similar amount of money as did participants staked with quarters. They did so by playing the simulation more times than the other participants. Participants staked with nickels did, however, end the session with the most money. Findings suggest ways that gambling and gambling losses can be lessened.
通过老虎机模拟实验，我们实验室发现，当参与者有机会不赌博并保留已下注的钱时，他们几乎总是选择继续玩模拟游戏。在这项研究中，作者调查了提高参与者所玩金钱的显著性或增加赌博所需的反应努力是否会减少赌博行为。在实验1中，不同组的参与者被告知、看到或持有他们用于玩模拟游戏的10美元。结果显示，在赌博前持有金钱的参与者比其他组的参与者玩的次数更少，下注的金额也更少。在实验2中，不同组的参与者分别用5美元的五分镍币、二十五分硬币或他们选择的五分镍币或二十五分硬币下注。结果显示，用五分镍币下注的参与者最终赌博的金额与用二十五分硬币下注的参与者相似。他们通过比其他参与者玩更多次模拟游戏来做到这一点。然而，用五分镍币下注的参与者在实验结束时拥有的钱最多。研究结果提出了减少赌博和赌博损失的方法。
