University Hospitals of Geneva and Medical School of The University of Geneva, Department of Child and Adolescent, Geneva, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013 Aug;13(4):426-31. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283630bad.
Infantile eczema, and in particular atopic dermatitis are, in many children, the first manifestation of their predisposition to an atopic disease. Among existing prevention strategies, supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics belong to the most promising beneficial interventions. Highlighting the most recent literature, we review here the most recent studies on probiotics and prebiotics and hypothesize on the most efficient intervention strategies.
Various probiotics and prebiotics, either alone or in combinations, have been administered, in general, during the late phase of pregnancy and up to 6 months of age. In general, a combination of probiotics and prebiotics given from pregnancy until early infancy has a higher potential for protecting the infant from developing early manifestations of eczema than short administration of one specific microorganism.
The effect of probiotics and prebiotic supplementations on early manifestations of atopy such as infantile eczema are conflicting. Nevertheless, prevention strategies should aim for an enhanced efficacy by addressing not only interventions on the microbiota, but by combining them to other interventions, for example, to those aiming at actively inducing antigen-specific tolerance.
在许多儿童中，婴儿湿疹，特别是特应性皮炎，是其特应性疾病易感性的最初表现之一。在现有的预防策略中，益生菌和益生元的补充属于最有前途的有益干预措施。本文重点介绍最新文献，综述益生菌和益生元的最新研究，并对最有效的干预策略进行假设。
通常在妊娠晚期至 6 个月大时，单独或联合使用各种益生菌和益生元。一般来说，从妊娠到婴儿早期联合使用益生菌和益生元比短期使用一种特定微生物对保护婴儿免受特应性皮炎早期表现的发生具有更高的潜力。
益生菌和益生元补充对特应性早期表现（如婴儿湿疹）的影响存在争议。然而，预防策略的目的应该是通过不仅针对微生物群进行干预，而且通过将它们与其他干预措施相结合，例如与旨在主动诱导抗原特异性耐受的干预措施相结合，来提高疗效。
