Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
Aging Cell. 2013 Dec;12(6):943-9. doi: 10.1111/acel.12126. Epub 2013 Jul 17.
Epidemiological studies in humans suggest that skeletal muscle aging is a risk factor for the development of several age-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, cancer, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Here, we review recent studies in mammals and Drosophila highlighting how nutrient- and stress-sensing in skeletal muscle can influence lifespan and overall aging of the organism. In addition to exercise and indirect effects of muscle metabolism, growing evidence suggests that muscle-derived growth factors and cytokines, known as myokines, modulate systemic physiology. Myokines may influence the progression of age-related diseases and contribute to the intertissue communication that underlies systemic aging.
流行病学研究表明,骨骼肌衰老可能是多种与年龄相关疾病(如代谢综合征、癌症、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病)发生的危险因素。在这里,我们综述了近期在哺乳动物和果蝇中开展的研究,重点介绍了骨骼肌中营养和应激感应如何影响寿命和机体整体衰老。除了运动和肌肉代谢的间接影响外,越来越多的证据表明,肌肉来源的生长因子和细胞因子(称为肌因子)可调节全身生理学。肌因子可能影响与年龄相关疾病的进展,并有助于构成系统衰老的组织间通讯。