Delhanty Patric J D, van der Eerden Bram C J, van Leeuwen Johannes P T M
Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Biofactors. 2014 Jan-Feb;40(1):41-8. doi: 10.1002/biof.1120. Epub 2013 Jun 27.
Ghrelin is a gut-derived peptide hormone, first isolated from the stomach. Ghrelin was initially characterized as a growth hormone (GH) secretagogue, but it plays a more important role as a potent orexigen and modulator of whole-body energy homeostasis. Ghrelin itself is closely regulated by metabolic status. Bone remodeling constantly renews the skeleton in a highly energy-dependent fashion. Accordingly, bone metabolism is tightly coupled to energy metabolism through the integration of peripheral and central mechanisms, involving the sympathetic nervous system and factors such as leptin. Ghrelin has been shown to modulate osteoblast differentiation and function, both directly and perhaps also through regulation of the GH-insulin-like growth factor axis. However, recently it has also been shown that ghrelin interacts with leptin in modulating bone structure, constituting a new mechanism that couples bone metabolism with energy homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the role that ghrelin plays modulating bone cell function, and its integrative role in coupling bone metabolism with energy metabolism.
胃饥饿素是一种源自肠道的肽类激素，最初从胃中分离出来。胃饥饿素最初被表征为一种生长激素（GH）促分泌素，但它作为一种强效食欲刺激剂和全身能量稳态调节剂发挥着更重要的作用。胃饥饿素本身受到代谢状态的严格调控。骨重塑以高度依赖能量的方式不断更新骨骼。因此，通过整合外周和中枢机制，包括交感神经系统和瘦素等因子，骨代谢与能量代谢紧密相连。胃饥饿素已被证明可直接或可能还通过调节GH-胰岛素样生长因子轴来调节成骨细胞的分化和功能。然而，最近还发现胃饥饿素在调节骨骼结构方面与瘦素相互作用，构成了一种将骨代谢与能量稳态联系起来的新机制。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了胃饥饿素在调节骨细胞功能中所起的作用，以及它在将骨代谢与能量代谢联系起来方面的整合作用。
