Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA.
Biomaterials. 2013 Oct;34(30):7281-91. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.05.073. Epub 2013 Jun 27.
We investigated the hypothesis that immobilizing TGF-β1 within fibrin hydrogels may act in synergy with cyclic mechanical stimulation to enhance the properties of vascular grafts. To this end, we engineered a fusion TGF-β1 protein that can covalently anchor to fibrin during polymerization upon the action of factor XIII. We also developed a 24-well based bioreactor in which vascular constructs can be mechanically stimulated by distending the silastic mandrel in the middle of each well. TGF-β1 was either conjugated to fibrin or supplied in the culture medium and the fibrin-based constructs were cultured statically for a week followed by cyclic distention for another week. The tissues were examined for myogenic differentiation, vascular reactivity, mechanical properties and ECM content. Our results showed that some aspects of vascular function were differentially affected by growth factor presentation vs. pulsatile force application, while others were synergistically enhanced by both. Overall, this two-prong biomimetic approach improved ECM secretion, vascular reactivity and mechanical properties of vascular constructs. These findings may be applied in other tissue engineering applications such as cartilage, tendon or cardiac regeneration where growth factors TGF-β1 and mechano-stimulation play critical roles.
我们研究了这样一个假设,即在纤维蛋白水凝胶中固定 TGF-β1 可能与周期性机械刺激协同作用,从而增强血管移植物的性能。为此,我们设计了一种融合 TGF-β1 蛋白,该蛋白可以在因子 XIII 的作用下在聚合过程中与纤维蛋白共价结合。我们还开发了一种 24 孔的生物反应器,其中可以通过在每个孔中间的硅橡胶芯轴膨胀来对血管构建体进行机械刺激。TGF-β1 要么与纤维蛋白结合,要么在培养基中供应,纤维蛋白基构建体在静态培养一周后,再进行另一个星期的周期性扩张。检查组织的肌生成分化、血管反应性、机械性能和细胞外基质含量。我们的结果表明,血管功能的某些方面受到生长因子呈现与脉动力应用的不同影响,而其他方面则通过两者协同增强。总的来说,这种双管齐下的仿生方法提高了血管构建体的细胞外基质分泌、血管反应性和机械性能。这些发现可应用于其他组织工程应用,如软骨、肌腱或心脏再生,其中 TGF-β1 和机械刺激生长因子发挥着关键作用。