Rao U R, Chandrashekar R, Subrahmanyam D
Pharma Division, Hindustan Ciba-Geigy Limited, Goregaon (East), Bombay, India.
Parasitol Res. 1990;76(6):521-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00931058.
The efficacy of ivermectin (Iv) was evaluated against four species of filariae, Litomosoides carinii, Acanthocheilonema viteae, Brugia pahangi and Brugia malayi in Mastomys natalensis. Animals with patent infections, induced with L3 larvae, by intravenous (iv) infusion of the respective microfilariae (Mf) (5 x 10(4) Mf per animal) or by intraperitoneal (ip) route (2 x 10(4) Mf per animal) were used in this study. A single dose of Iv (100 micrograms.kg-1) given subcutaneously (sc) to Mastomys infected with L. carinii or A. viteae resulted in the disappearance of microfilaremia within 2 h of treatment. Iv treatment of sc-infected animals with Brugia spp. had no immediate effect on the circulating Mf 60 days post-treatment. In contrast, such treatment of animals infected with Mf by intravenous infusion completely eliminated the larvae of all four species from the circulation. Iv treatment had no significant effect on the Mf of L. carinii, B. pahangi and B. malayi in animals infected by the ip route. However, the drug had dramatic effect in killing the Mf of A. viteae in the peritoneal cavity. Sera from Iv-treated normal or from L. carinii- or A. viteae-infected Mastomys were effective in clearing the circulating Mf of the species when administered to animals with the respective infections. Similar rapid clearance of Mf was seen when the sera were administered to animals infected iv with these larvae. Furthermore, adult females of L. carinii and A. viteae recovered from Mastomys on different days after Iv treatment released smaller numbers of Mf in vitro.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在南非多乳鼠中评估了伊维菌素（Iv）对四种丝虫的疗效，这四种丝虫分别是卡氏吴策线虫、马来布鲁线虫、彭亨布鲁线虫和旋盘尾丝虫。本研究使用经静脉注射（iv）相应微丝蚴（每只动物5×10⁴条微丝蚴）或经腹腔注射（ip）途径（每只动物2×10⁴条微丝蚴）感染L3幼虫而出现显性感染的动物。对感染卡氏吴策线虫或旋盘尾丝虫的多乳鼠皮下注射（sc）单剂量伊维菌素（100微克·千克⁻¹），治疗后2小时内微丝蚴血症消失。用伊维菌素治疗皮下感染布鲁氏属丝虫的动物，治疗后60天对循环中的微丝蚴没有立即影响。相比之下，对经静脉注射感染微丝蚴的动物进行这种治疗可使所有四种丝虫的幼虫从循环中完全清除。伊维菌素治疗对经腹腔途径感染的动物体内卡氏吴策线虫、彭亨布鲁线虫和马来布鲁线虫的微丝蚴没有显著影响。然而，该药物对杀死腹腔内旋盘尾丝虫的微丝蚴有显著效果。给正常的、感染卡氏吴策线虫或旋盘尾丝虫的多乳鼠注射伊维菌素后获得的血清，当给予相应感染的动物时，可有效清除循环中的该种微丝蚴。当将这些血清给予经静脉注射感染这些幼虫的动物时，也观察到微丝蚴的类似快速清除。此外，在伊维菌素治疗后不同天数从多乳鼠体内回收的卡氏吴策线虫和旋盘尾丝虫成年雌虫在体外释放的微丝蚴数量较少。（摘要截断于250字）
