Rao U R, Chandrashekar R, Subrahmanyam D
Trop Med Parasitol. 1987 Jun;38(2):123-7.
The effects of ivermectin (Iv) on the filarial infection has been investigated using Dipetalonema viteae--Mastomys natalensis model system. In vitro, Iv (3 micrograms/ml) had no effect on the microfilariae (mf) in the presence or absence of serum from normal or infected Mastomys (NMS, IMS). However, the sera promoted cell-mediated cytotoxicity with macrophages or eosinophils to the mf when Iv was added at 3 ng/ml. Sera isolated from normal or infected Mastomys after subcutaneous treatment with Iv (100 micrograms/kg) (Iv-NMS, Iv-IMS) also induced cellular cytotoxicity to the mf in vitro. Available evidence suggests that Iv mediates the cellular cytotoxicity by complement activation by alternative pathway. Iv treatment of D. viteae infected Mastomys resulted in an initial mobilization of the mf into circulation followed by the death of both the mf and adults in vivo. There was enhanced antibody level in Iv treated infected animals and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity mediated by IgM seems to be predominantly involved in elimination of the mf. The serum containing these antibodies was effective in clearing the circulating mf from Mastomys on passive immunization. Thus, Iv seems to synergize host immune factors against D. viteae infection.
已使用双瓣棘唇线虫-南非囊鼠模型系统研究了伊维菌素（Iv）对丝虫感染的影响。在体外，无论有无来自正常或感染南非囊鼠的血清（NMS，IMS），Iv（3微克/毫升）对微丝蚴（mf）均无作用。然而，当添加3纳克/毫升的Iv时，这些血清会促进巨噬细胞或嗜酸性粒细胞对mf的细胞介导细胞毒性。用Iv（100微克/千克）皮下处理后从正常或感染南非囊鼠分离的血清（Iv-NMS，Iv-IMS）在体外也诱导对mf的细胞毒性。现有证据表明，Iv通过替代途径激活补体来介导细胞毒性。用Iv治疗感染双瓣棘唇线虫的南非囊鼠会导致mf最初动员进入循环，随后mf和成虫在体内死亡。经Iv治疗的感染动物体内抗体水平升高，由IgM介导的抗体依赖性细胞毒性似乎主要参与mf的清除。含有这些抗体的血清在被动免疫时可有效清除南非囊鼠循环中的mf。因此，Iv似乎协同宿主免疫因子抵抗双瓣棘唇线虫感染。
