Couto Natacha, Belas Adriana, Couto Isabel, Perreten Vincent, Pomba Constança
1 Laboratory of Antimicrobial and Biocide Resistance, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Technical University of Lisbon (FMV-UTL) , Lisboa, Portugal .
Microb Drug Resist. 2014 Aug;20(4):364-71. doi: 10.1089/mdr.2013.0043. Epub 2013 Jul 2.
Forty methicillin-resistant and -susceptible Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP and MSSP, respectively) from colonization and infection in dogs and cats were characterized for clonality, antimicrobial, and biocide susceptibility. MSSP were genetically more diverse than MRSP by multi-locus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Three different spa types (t06, t02, t05) and two SCCmec types (II-III and V) were detected in the MRSP isolates. All MRSP and two MSSP strains were multidrug-resistant. Several antibiotic resistance genes (mecA, blaZ, tet(M), tet(K), aac(6')-Ie-aph(2')-Ia, aph(3')-III, ant(6)-Ia, sat4, erm(B), lnu(A), dfr(G), and catp(C221)) were identified by microarray and double mutations in the gyrA and grlA genes and a single mutation in the rpoB gene were detected by sequence analysis. No differences were detected between MSSP and MRSP in the chlorhexidine acetate (CHA) minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). However, two MSSP had elevated MIC to triclosan (TCL) and one to benzalkonium chloride and ethidium bromide. One MSSP isolate harboured a qacA gene, while in another a qacB gene was detected. None of the isolates harboured the sh-fabI gene. Three of the biocide products studied had high bactericidal activity (Otodine(®), Clorexyderm Spot Gel(®), Dermocanis Piocure-M(®)), while Skingel(®) failed to achieve a five log reduction in the bacterial counting. S. pseudintermedius have become a serious therapeutic challenge in particular if methicillin- resistance and/or multidrug-resistance are involved. Biocides, like CHA and TCL, seem to be clinically effective and safe topical therapeutic options.
对来自犬猫定植和感染的40株耐甲氧西林和敏感的中间型葡萄球菌（分别为MRSP和MSSP）进行克隆性、抗菌和杀生物剂敏感性特征分析。通过多位点序列分型和脉冲场凝胶电泳，MSSP在遗传上比MRSP更多样化。在MRSP分离株中检测到三种不同的spa型（t06、t02、t05）和两种SCCmec型（II - III和V）。所有MRSP和两株MSSP菌株均对多种药物耐药。通过微阵列鉴定出几种抗生素耐药基因（mecA、blaZ、tet(M)、tet(K)、aac(6')-Ie-aph(2')-Ia、aph(3')-III、ant(6)-Ia、sat4、erm(B)、lnu(A)、dfr(G)和catp(C221)），通过序列分析检测到gyrA和grlA基因的双突变以及rpoB基因的单突变。在醋酸氯己定（CHA）最低抑菌浓度（MIC）方面，未检测到MSSP和MRSP之间的差异。然而，两株MSSP对三氯生（TCL）的MIC升高，一株对苯扎氯铵和溴化乙锭的MIC升高。一株MSSP分离株携带qacA基因，而在另一株中检测到qacB基因。所有分离株均未携带sh-fabI基因。所研究的三种杀生物剂产品具有高杀菌活性（Otodine(®)、Clorexyderm Spot Gel(®)、Dermocanis Piocure-M(®)），而Skingel(®)未能使细菌计数减少5个对数。特别是如果涉及耐甲氧西林和/或多重耐药，中间型葡萄球菌已成为一个严重的治疗挑战。像CHA和TCL这样的杀生物剂似乎是临床有效的和安全的局部治疗选择。
