[2012年格拉纳达一所公立学校的猩红热疫情]
[Scarlet fever outbreak in a public school in Granada in 2012].
作者信息
Fernández-Prada M, Martínez-Diz S, Colina López A, Almagro Nievas D, Martínez Romero B, Huertas Martínez J
机构信息
Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Medicina Preventiva, Vigilancia y Promoción de la Salud, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, España.
Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Medicina Preventiva, Vigilancia y Promoción de la Salud, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España.
出版信息
An Pediatr (Barc). 2014 Apr;80(4):249-53. doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2013.05.020. Epub 2013 Jul 3.
INTRODUCTION
Scarlet fever is a streptococcal disease characterized by a skin rash in children. It can be endemic, epidemic or sporadic. In April 2012, the headmaster of a primary school in Granada reported an outbreak of scarlet fever in the school.
OBJECTIVE
To describe an outbreak of scarlet fever, analyse its epidemiological and clinical characteristics, and present the preventive measures taken to control it.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
A case-control study was conducted using an ad hoc questionnaire, developed for this purpose. The R program, Epidat 3.1 and Microsoft Excel were used for the statistics analysis.
RESULTS
There were 13 cases and 30 controls. The attack rate was 3.9%. There was a statistically significant difference for the variable "relative affected".
CONCLUSION
There has been a confirmed outbreak of person-to-person transmitted scarlet fever, and the main risk factor was having a relative with tonsillitis.
引言
猩红热是一种由链球菌引起的疾病，其特征为儿童出现皮疹。它可以是地方性、流行性或散发性的。2012年4月，格拉纳达一所小学的校长报告该校爆发了猩红热。
目的
描述一次猩红热疫情，分析其流行病学和临床特征，并介绍为控制疫情所采取的预防措施。
患者与方法
使用为此专门设计的临时问卷进行了一项病例对照研究。采用R程序、Epidat 3.1和Microsoft Excel进行统计分析。
结果
有13例病例和30名对照。发病率为3.9%。变量“相对受影响者”存在统计学上的显著差异。
结论
已确诊发生了人际传播的猩红热疫情，主要危险因素是有亲属患扁桃体炎。
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