Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53715, USA.
J Am Board Fam Med. 2013 Jul-Aug;26(4):460-9. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2013.04.120283.
Reproductive health care of adolescent women is focused on prevention of disease. Adolescents are at higher risk for pelvic inflammatory disease than adult women; therefore, screening regularly for sexually transmitted infections is important. Immunization for human papillomavirus is the primary means of cervical cancer prevention because new guidelines recommend not initiating Papanicolaou smears until the age of 21. Contraception for adolescents is a challenge, and clinicians should focus on long-acting, reversible contraception in this group. The treatment of pelvic pain and menstrual disorders in adolescent women is distinct from adult women and is related to differing prevalence of conditions. Lastly, this article discusses the importance of confidential care when treating adolescent women.
青少年女性的生殖健康护理侧重于疾病预防。与成年女性相比，青少年患盆腔炎的风险更高；因此，定期筛查性传播感染很重要。人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种是预防宫颈癌的主要手段，因为新指南建议 21 岁之前不要开始巴氏涂片检查。青少年避孕是一个挑战，临床医生应在这一人群中专注于长效、可逆的避孕方法。青少年女性的盆腔痛和月经紊乱的治疗与成年女性不同，这与不同疾病的患病率有关。最后，本文讨论了在治疗青少年女性时提供保密护理的重要性。
