Mendis S, Kumarasunderam R
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
Br J Nutr. 1990 May;63(3):547-52. doi: 10.1079/bjn19900141.
The present paper reports the influence on plasma lipids of isoenergetic diets containing 30% of energy as fat, with a polyunsaturated: saturated fat ratio of 4.00 or 0.25, consumed for 8 weeks by twenty-five young normolipidaemic males. Approximately 70% of the fat energy was provided by the test fats: soya-bean fat and coconut fat. During the soya-bean-fat-eating period the total plasma cholesterol level fell significantly compared with baseline values (P less than 0.001) and during the coconut-fat-eating phase total plasma cholesterol level increased significantly compared with the soya-bean-eating period (P less than 0.001). On the soya-bean-fat diet, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol decreased by 15% (range 6-35%) and plasma triacylglycerols decreased by 25% (range 13-37%). Results of the present study show that even when the proportion of total fat in the diet is low, a high intake of linoleic acid lowers both total plasma cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, while a high intake of saturated fat elevates both these lipid fractions. Application of regression formulas to the present findings indicates that short-chain saturated fatty acids have a neutral effect on serum cholesterol.
本文报告了25名血脂正常的年轻男性，食用能量的30%为脂肪、多不饱和脂肪与饱和脂肪比例为4.00或0.25的等能量饮食8周后，对血脂的影响。约70%的脂肪能量由受试脂肪提供：大豆油和椰子油。在食用大豆油期间，总血浆胆固醇水平与基线值相比显著下降（P<0.001），而在食用椰子油阶段，总血浆胆固醇水平与食用大豆油期间相比显著升高（P<0.001）。在大豆油饮食中，高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇降低了15%（范围为6%-35%），血浆三酰甘油降低了25%（范围为13%-37%）。本研究结果表明，即使饮食中总脂肪比例较低，高摄入量的亚油酸会降低总血浆胆固醇和HDL胆固醇，而高摄入量的饱和脂肪会升高这两种脂质成分。将回归公式应用于本研究结果表明，短链饱和脂肪酸对血清胆固醇有中性影响。
