Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti‑Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.
Mol Med Rep. 2013 Sep;8(3):935-41. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1573. Epub 2013 Jul 8.
Vascular dementia (VD) is the second most common type of dementia in the elderly. Currently, there are no effective drugs for preventing or decreasing the progression of dementia. Bilobalide (BB) is a monomer extracted from Ginkgo biloba leaves. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of BB in a two-vessel occlusion (2-VO)-induced VD rat model. The results showed that BB (4 and 8 mg/kg) significantly protected VD rats against cognitive deficits in the Morris water maze. Biochemical assessment showed that BB (4 and 8 mg/kg) increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content, and decreased nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Additionally, BB (4 and 8 mg/kg) was found to alleviate neuronal apoptosis and to reduce the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the brain cortex and the hippocampal CA1 region in VD rats. These results suggest that BB provides protection against learning and memory impairment by reducing free radical injury and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis in the brain cortex and hippocampal CA1 region in VD rats.
血管性痴呆（VD）是老年人中第二常见的痴呆类型。目前，尚无预防或减缓痴呆进展的有效药物。银杏内酯（BB）是从银杏叶中提取的一种单体。本研究探讨了 BB 在双血管闭塞（2-VO）诱导的 VD 大鼠模型中的神经保护作用。结果表明，BB（4 和 8 mg/kg）可显著保护 VD 大鼠免受 Morris 水迷宫中认知缺陷的影响。生化评估显示，BB（4 和 8 mg/kg）可增加超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量，降低一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量。此外，BB（4 和 8 mg/kg）可减轻神经元凋亡，并降低 VD 大鼠大脑皮质和海马 CA1 区肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的表达。这些结果表明，BB 通过减少自由基损伤和抑制 VD 大鼠大脑皮质和海马 CA1 区神经元凋亡，提供对学习和记忆损伤的保护。
