Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Feb;22(2):435-40. doi: 10.1002/oby.20562. Epub 2013 Sep 10.
Overfeeding is associated with insulin resistance. Studies on animals suggest this is likely due to disruption of fatty acid metabolism and increased plasma free fatty acid (FFA) availability during the night. We tested the hypothesis that overfeeding induces insulin resistance and increases nocturnal but not daytime plasma FFA availability in human subjects.
We measured plasma glucose, insulin, and FFA concentrations hourly for 24 h during a day of isocaloric feeding and a day of hypercaloric feeding (30% calorie excess) in 8 overweight and obese, nondiabetic men (age: 38±3 years; body mass index: 34±2 kg/m²).
Overfeeding had no effect on daytime plasma glucose, insulin, and FFA concentrations compared to isocaloric feeding, but increased nocturnal glucose (P = 0.007) and insulin (P = 0.003) concentrations and decreased nocturnal FFA concentration (P = 0.006). The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance score was ∼30% greater the morning after hypercaloric than isocaloric feeding (P = 0.040).
One day of overfeeding has no effect on daytime plasma glucose and FFA concentrations but increases nocturnal plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, whereas nocturnal plasma FFA availability is reduced. The acute overfeeding-induced development of insulin resistant glucose metabolism therefore does not appear to be directly mediated by plasma FFA availability.
过度进食与胰岛素抵抗有关。动物研究表明，这可能是由于脂肪酸代谢紊乱和夜间血浆游离脂肪酸（FFA）可用性增加所致。我们检验了这样一个假设，即过度进食会导致胰岛素抵抗，并增加人体夜间而非白天的血浆 FFA 可用性。
我们在 8 名超重和肥胖的非糖尿病男性（年龄：38±3 岁；体重指数：34±2 kg/m²）中，每天进行等热量喂养和高卡路里喂养（30%热量过剩），测量了 24 小时内每小时的血浆葡萄糖、胰岛素和 FFA 浓度。
与等热量喂养相比，过度进食对白天的血浆葡萄糖、胰岛素和 FFA 浓度没有影响，但增加了夜间的葡萄糖（P=0.007）和胰岛素浓度（P=0.003），并降低了夜间 FFA 浓度（P=0.006）。高卡路里喂养后早上的稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗评分比等热量喂养时约高 30%（P=0.040）。
一天的过度进食对白天的血浆葡萄糖和 FFA 浓度没有影响，但会增加夜间的血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度，而夜间的血浆 FFA 可用性降低。因此，急性过度进食引起的胰岛素抵抗葡萄糖代谢的发展似乎不是直接由血浆 FFA 可用性介导的。
