Teh Louise S L, Teh Lydia C L, Sumaila U Rashid
Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
PLoS One. 2013 Jun 19;8(6):e65397. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065397. Print 2013.
Overfishing threatens coral reefs worldwide, yet there is no reliable estimate on the number of reef fishers globally. We address this data gap by quantifying the number of reef fishers on a global scale, using two approaches - the first estimates reef fishers as a proportion of the total number of marine fishers in a country, based on the ratio of reef-related to total marine fish landed values. The second estimates reef fishers as a function of coral reef area, rural coastal population, and fishing pressure. In total, we find that there are 6 million reef fishers in 99 reef countries and territories worldwide, of which at least 25% are reef gleaners. Our estimates are an improvement over most existing fisher population statistics, which tend to omit accounting for gleaners and reef fishers. Our results suggest that slightly over a quarter of the world's small-scale fishers fish on coral reefs, and half of all coral reef fishers are in Southeast Asia. Coral reefs evidently support the socio-economic well-being of numerous coastal communities. By quantifying the number of people who are employed as reef fishers, we provide decision-makers with an important input into planning for sustainable coral reef fisheries at the appropriate scale.
过度捕捞威胁着全球的珊瑚礁，但全球范围内珊瑚礁渔民的数量尚无可靠估计。我们通过两种方法在全球范围内量化珊瑚礁渔民的数量，以填补这一数据空白：第一种方法是根据与珊瑚礁相关的海产品上岸价值与海洋海产品总上岸价值的比率，将珊瑚礁渔民估计为一个国家海洋渔民总数的一定比例。第二种方法是将珊瑚礁渔民估计为珊瑚礁面积、沿海农村人口和捕捞压力的函数。我们总共发现，全球99个珊瑚礁国家和地区共有600万珊瑚礁渔民，其中至少25%是珊瑚礁拾贝者。我们的估计比大多数现有的渔民人口统计数据有所改进，后者往往忽略了对拾贝者和珊瑚礁渔民的统计。我们的结果表明，全球略超过四分之一的小规模渔民在珊瑚礁捕鱼，所有珊瑚礁渔民中有一半在东南亚。珊瑚礁显然支撑着众多沿海社区的社会经济福祉。通过量化从事珊瑚礁捕鱼的人数，我们为决策者在适当规模上规划可持续的珊瑚礁渔业提供了一项重要依据。
