Ky-Zerbo Odette, Somé Jean-François, Simaga Fodé
PAMAC, Programme d'Appui au Monde Associatif et Communautaire, joint UNDP and National AIDS Committee NGO project.
SAHARA J. 2013 Jul;10 Suppl 1:S73-80. doi: 10.1080/02664763.2012.755341.
Disclosure of HIV test results is discussed during post-test counseling, following norms. However, while barriers to disclosing a positive HIV result have been documented, the literature is sparse on the way guidelines are applied in the field. The aim of this article is to describe and analyze counseling practices regarding HIV disclosure to 'significant others' (partner, family members, friends) reported by clients and providers of HIV voluntary counseling and testing in Burkina Faso. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in urban and rural areas in 2008 . A questionnaire incorporating semi-open questions was used. A total of 542 people who completed the test in 2007 and 111 service providers of HIV counseling and testing were interviewed. The data were analyzed using SPSS 12. Only 29% of those tested stated that disclosure to partner or family members was discussed with them during post-test counseling. This result is explained by providers' uncertainties and concerns regarding how to disclose, risks related to disclosure and adverse consequences of disclosure. Strategies are developed by counseling providers to support people who have been diagnosed HIV positive in disclosing to significant others, but they recognize that these actions are insufficient. Providers' suggestions are to keep fighting against the stigmatization of PLHIV, to improve counseling providers' competence in this area, and to adopt legal texts to make mandatory disclosure of the HIV result to partners. The study identified several ways to improve counseling practices regarding clients' disclosure of their HIV status in Burkina Faso. These findings could have significance for Africa as a whole.
在检测后咨询过程中，会按照规范讨论艾滋病病毒检测结果的披露问题。然而，虽然已有文献记载了披露艾滋病病毒检测呈阳性结果时存在的障碍，但关于这些指导方针在实际中的应用方式，相关文献却很稀少。本文的目的是描述和分析布基纳法索艾滋病病毒自愿咨询检测的客户和服务提供者报告的向“重要他人”（伴侣、家庭成员、朋友）披露艾滋病病毒检测结果的咨询做法。2008年在城乡地区开展了一项横断面调查。使用了一份包含半开放式问题的问卷。共采访了2007年完成检测的542人和111名艾滋病病毒咨询检测服务提供者。使用SPSS 12对数据进行了分析。只有29%的受测者表示在检测后咨询过程中与他们讨论过向伴侣或家庭成员披露检测结果的问题。这一结果可归因于服务提供者在如何披露、披露相关风险及披露的不良后果等方面存在不确定性和担忧。咨询服务提供者制定了一些策略来支持已被诊断为艾滋病病毒阳性的人向重要他人披露检测结果，但他们认识到这些行动还不够。服务提供者的建议是继续反对对艾滋病病毒感染者的污名化，提高咨询服务提供者在这方面的能力，并通过法律文本强制要求向伴侣披露艾滋病病毒检测结果。该研究确定了几种改进布基纳法索客户披露其艾滋病病毒感染状况的咨询做法的方法。这些研究结果可能对整个非洲都具有重要意义。
