Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
Mov Disord. 2013 Nov;28(13):1882-5. doi: 10.1002/mds.25589. Epub 2013 Jul 11.
Microglia are resident immunosurveillant cells in the central nervous system, and astrocytes are important for blood flow, plasticity, and neurotransmitter regulation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether astrocyte and microglial activation, estimated through markers in cerebrospinal fluid and serum, differed between synucleinopathies, tauopathies, and controls.
We analyzed the glial activation markers YKL-40 and soluble CD14 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid from 37 controls, 50 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and 79 P+ patients (those with progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, and multiple system atrophy).
Cerebrospinal fluid levels of YKL-40 were decreased significantly in patients who had PD compared with controls (P < 0.05), patients who had multiple system atrophy (P < 0.01), and patients who had tauopathies (P < 0.0001). In addition, cerebrospinal fluid levels of YKL-40 were significantly lower in patients who had synucleinopathies than in those who had tauopathies (P < 0.0001).
The decreased cerebrospinal fluid levels of YKL-40 suggest that glial activation is reduced in the brains of patients who have Parkinson's disease and synucleinopathies compared with patients who have tauopathies and controls.
小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中固有免疫监视细胞，星形胶质细胞对于血流、可塑性和神经递质调节很重要。本研究旨在探究通过脑脊液和血清标志物评估的星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞激活在突触核蛋白病、tau 病和对照组之间是否存在差异。
我们分析了 37 名对照组、50 名帕金森病（PD）患者和 79 名 P+患者（进展性核上性麻痹、皮质基底节变性和多系统萎缩）血清和脑脊液中的小胶质细胞激活标志物 YKL-40 和可溶性 CD14。
与对照组相比，PD 患者的脑脊液 YKL-40 水平显著降低（P<0.05），多系统萎缩患者（P<0.01）和 tau 病患者（P<0.0001）。此外，与 tau 病患者相比，突触核蛋白病患者的脑脊液 YKL-40 水平显著降低（P<0.0001）。
脑脊液 YKL-40 水平降低表明帕金森病和突触核蛋白病患者的脑内小胶质细胞激活减少，与 tau 病患者和对照组相比。
