Knechtle Beat, Rüst Christoph Alexander, Knechtle Patrizia, Rosemann Thomas, Lepers Romuald
Gesundheitszentrum St, Gallen, Vadianstrasse 26, St,, Gallen, 9011, Switzerland.
Extrem Physiol Med. 2012 Oct 1;1(1):5. doi: 10.1186/2046-7648-1-5.
The age-related decline in performance has been investigated in swimmers, runners and triathletes. No study has investigated the age-related performance decline in ultra-triathletes. The purpose of this study was to analyse the age-related declines in swimming, cycling, running and overall race time for both Triple Iron ultra-triathlon (11.4-km swimming, 540-km cycling and 126.6-km running) and Deca Iron ultra-triathlon (38-km swimming, 1,800-km cycling and 420-km running).
The age and performances of 423 male Triple Iron ultra-triathletes and 119 male Deca Iron ultra-triathletes were analysed from 1992 to 2010 using regression analyses and ANOVA.
The mean age of the finishers was significantly higher for Deca Iron ultra-triathletes (41.3 ± 3.1 years) compared to a Triple Iron ultra-triathletes (38.5 ± 3.3 years) (P < 0.05). For both ultra-distances, the fastest overall race times were achieved between the ages of 25 and 44 years. Deca Iron ultra-triathletes achieved the same level of performance in swimming and cycling between 25 and 54 years of age.
The magnitudes of age-related declines in performance in the three disciplines of ultra-triathlon differ slightly between Triple and Deca Iron ultra-triathlon. Although the ages of Triple Iron ultra-triathletes were on average younger compared to Deca Iron ultra-triathletes, the fastest race times were achieved between 25 and 44 years for both distances. Further studies should investigate the motivation and training of ultra-triathletes to gain better insights in ultra-triathlon performance.
在游泳运动员、跑步运动员和铁人三项运动员中，已对与年龄相关的运动成绩下降情况进行了研究。但尚无研究调查超长距离铁人三项运动员与年龄相关的运动成绩下降情况。本研究的目的是分析参加三倍铁人超长距离铁人三项赛（11.4公里游泳、540公里自行车和126.6公里跑步）和十项铁人超长距离铁人三项赛（38公里游泳、1800公里自行车和420公里跑步）的运动员在游泳、自行车、跑步及总比赛时间方面与年龄相关的下降情况。
采用回归分析和方差分析，对1992年至2010年423名男性三倍铁人超长距离铁人三项运动员和119名男性十项铁人超长距离铁人三项运动员的年龄和运动成绩进行了分析。
十项铁人超长距离铁人三项赛完赛者的平均年龄（41.3±3.1岁）显著高于三倍铁人超长距离铁人三项赛完赛者（38.5±3.3岁）（P<0.05）。对于这两种超长距离赛事，最快的总比赛时间出现在25至44岁之间。十项铁人超长距离铁人三项赛运动员在25至54岁之间的游泳和自行车项目中达到了相同的运动成绩水平。
三倍铁人超长距离铁人三项赛和十项铁人超长距离铁人三项赛在超长距离铁人三项运动的三个项目中，与年龄相关的运动成绩下降幅度略有不同。尽管三倍铁人超长距离铁人三项赛运动员的平均年龄比十项铁人超长距离铁人三项赛运动员年轻，但两种距离的最快比赛时间均出现在25至44岁之间。进一步的研究应调查超长距离铁人三项运动员的动机和训练情况，以便更好地了解超长距离铁人三项运动成绩。
