Klüppel Leandro Eduardo, Antonini Fernando, Olate Sérgio, Nascimento Frederico Felipe, Albergaria-Barbosa José Ricardo, Mazzonetto Renato
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, Campinas State University, Piracicaba, Brazil.
J Craniofac Surg. 2013 Jul;24(4):1074-7. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e318286a0a3.
The aim of this study was to analyze histologically and radiographically the influence of particle size of anorganic bovine bone matrix (ABBM) on bone repair.
Four calvarial defects of 8 mm each were prepared in 18 adult New Zealand rabbits. The defects were then filled with either particulate autogenous bone (control group) or ABBM of large, medium, and small size granules. The animals were sacrificed at 15, 30, and 60 days after surgery. The samples were radiographically examined before being submitted to histological processing.
Autogenous bone showed a slight radiopacity at the beginning, which was increased at the final period, being very similar to the adjacent bone tissue. The large and medium size ABBM particles maintained the same radiographic behavior, showing a radiolucent area in the central portion of the defect at 60 days. ABBM of small size granules showed a slight radiolucity at the initial period, which was increased at the subsequent periods. More intense bone formation occurred in the control group (autogenous bone). All 3 particle sizes of the biomaterial resulted in inflammatory infiltration at 15 and 30 days. ABBM of small size granules lead to a greater amount of osteoid tissue, and the particles were almost totally reabsorbed within 60 days of implantation.
Autogenous bone graft lead to the best result in terms of bone defect repair; ABBM of large and medium size granules are not totally reabsorbed at the observed period; ABBM of small size granules was more intensively reabsorbed and led to a greater osteoid tissue formation when compared to the medium and large ABBM granules.
本研究旨在从组织学和影像学角度分析无机牛骨基质（ABBM）颗粒大小对骨修复的影响。
在18只成年新西兰兔身上制备4个直径8mm的颅骨缺损。然后，缺损分别用颗粒状自体骨（对照组）或大、中、小颗粒尺寸的ABBM填充。术后15、30和60天处死动物。样本在进行组织学处理前先进行影像学检查。
自体骨在开始时显示出轻微的不透射线，在最后阶段增强，与相邻骨组织非常相似。大、中尺寸的ABBM颗粒保持相同的影像学表现，在60天时缺损中央部分显示为射线可透过区域。小颗粒尺寸的ABBM在初始阶段显示轻微的射线可透过性，在随后阶段增加。对照组（自体骨）中骨形成更强烈。生物材料的所有3种颗粒尺寸在15天和30天时均导致炎症浸润。小颗粒尺寸的ABBM导致更多的类骨质组织，并且在植入60天内颗粒几乎完全被吸收。
就骨缺损修复而言，自体骨移植效果最佳；在观察期内，大、中颗粒尺寸的ABBM未完全被吸收；与中、大颗粒尺寸的ABBM相比，小颗粒尺寸的ABBM被更强烈地吸收，并导致更多的类骨质组织形成。
