Park Hangue, Kiani Mehdi, Lee Hyung-Min, Kim Jeonghee, Block Jacob, Gosselin Benoit, Ghovanloo Maysam
GT-Bionics Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, GeorgiaInstitute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0250, USA.
IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst. 2012 Dec;6(6):571-85. doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2012.2227962.
Tongue drive system (TDS) is a tongue-operated, minimally invasive, unobtrusive, and wireless assistive technology (AT) that infers users' intentions by detecting their voluntary tongue motion and translating them into user-defined commands. Here we present the new intraoral version of the TDS (iTDS), which has been implemented in the form of a dental retainer. The iTDS system-on-a-chip (SoC) features a configurable analog front-end (AFE) that reads the magnetic field variations inside the mouth from four 3-axial magnetoresistive sensors located at four corners of the iTDS printed circuit board (PCB). A dual-band transmitter (Tx) on the same chip operates at 27 and 432 MHz in the Industrial/Scientific/Medical (ISM) band to allow users to switch in the presence of external interference. The Tx streams the digitized samples to a custom-designed TDS universal interface, built from commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, which delivers the iTDS data to other devices such as smartphones, personal computers (PC), and powered wheelchairs (PWC). Another key block on the iTDS SoC is the power management integrated circuit (PMIC), which provides individually regulated and duty-cycled 1.8 V supplies for sensors, AFE, Tx, and digital control blocks. The PMIC also charges a 50 mAh Li-ion battery with constant current up to 4.2 V, and recovers data and clock to update its configuration register through a 13.56 MHz inductive link. The iTDS SoC has been implemented in a 0.5-μm standard CMOS process and consumes 3.7 mW on average.
舌驱动系统（TDS）是一种由舌头操作的、微创的、不引人注意的无线辅助技术（AT），它通过检测用户的自主舌头运动来推断其意图，并将这些意图转化为用户定义的命令。在此，我们展示了TDS的新型口腔内版本（iTDS），它已被实现为一种牙齿固定器的形式。iTDS片上系统（SoC）具有一个可配置的模拟前端（AFE），该前端从位于iTDS印刷电路板（PCB）四个角的四个三轴磁阻传感器读取口腔内的磁场变化。同一芯片上的双频段发射器（Tx）在工业/科学/医疗（ISM）频段的27和432 MHz频率下工作，以便用户在存在外部干扰时进行切换。Tx将数字化样本传输到一个由商用现货（COTS）组件构建的定制设计的TDS通用接口，该接口将iTDS数据传送到其他设备，如智能手机、个人计算机（PC）和电动轮椅（PWC）。iTDS SoC上的另一个关键模块是电源管理集成电路（PMIC），它为传感器、AFE、Tx和数字控制模块提供单独调节且具有占空比的1.8 V电源。PMIC还以恒定电流为一个50 mAh的锂离子电池充电，最高可达4.2 V，并通过一个13.56 MHz的电感链路恢复数据和时钟以更新其配置寄存器。iTDS SoC已采用0.5-μm标准CMOS工艺实现，平均功耗为3.7 mW。
