Ono H, Steinbach M J
Department of Psychology, York University, Ontario, Canada.
Percept Psychophys. 1990 Aug;48(2):179-87. doi: 10.3758/bf03207085.
Random dots moving with various velocity gradients were presented to observers; the motion was yoked to head movement in one condition and to no head movement in another. In Experiment 1, 12 observers were shown motion gradients with sine, triangle, sawtooth, and square waveforms with amplitudes (equivalent disparities) of 12' and 1 degrees 53'. In Experiment 2, 48 observers were shown only the sinewave or square-wave gradient of 1 degrees 53' disparity either with or without head movement so that the observers' expectation to see depth in one condition did not transfer to another. The main findings were: (1) with 12' disparity, the head-movement condition produced perceived depth but almost no perceived motion, whereas the no-head-movement condition produced both perceived depth and perceived motion; (2) with 1 degrees 53' disparity, both conditions produced perceived depth and perceived motion; and (3) when the expectation to see depth was removed, the no-head-movement condition with the square-wave gradient produced no perceived depth, only motion. We suggest that monocular stereopsis with head movement can be achieved without perception of motion but monocular stereopsis without head movement requires perception of motion.
向观察者呈现以各种速度梯度移动的随机点；在一种情况下，运动与头部运动相关联，而在另一种情况下则与无头部运动相关联。在实验1中，向12名观察者展示了正弦、三角形、锯齿形和方形波形的运动梯度，其幅度（等效视差）为12'和1度53'。在实验2中，向48名观察者展示了视差为1度53'的正弦波或方波梯度，且有无头部运动的情况都有，这样观察者在一种情况下看到深度的预期就不会转移到另一种情况。主要发现如下：（1）视差为'时，头部运动条件下产生了深度感知但几乎没有运动感知，而无头部运动条件下则同时产生了深度感知和运动感知；（2）视差为1度53'时，两种条件都产生了深度感知和运动感知；（3）当去除看到深度的预期时，具有方波梯度的无头部运动条件下没有产生深度感知，只有运动感知。我们认为，有头部运动时单眼立体视觉可以在没有运动感知的情况下实现，但没有头部运动时单眼立体视觉需要运动感知。
