Lange Britt, Nielsen René Tyranski, Skejø Pernille Bro, Toft Palle
Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2013 Jul;84(7):734-8. doi: 10.3357/asem.3434.2013.
Early in their careers, as an important part of their training to become fighter pilots, pilots undergo centrifuge training in order to learn effective anti-G straining maneuvers (AGSM) and to test their G tolerance. The exposure of pilots, especially early in their careers, to training that could lead to injuries should be avoided. This is a report of four cases of neck pain experienced during G-tolerance training, some of which may have caused ongoing problems for the pilot.
Four cases, describing four different injuries experienced during G-tolerance training, are presented, including the history of the incident, radiographic description, and physical examination.
Three main questions were identified in regards to the training of fighter pilots in centrifuges: 1) should the seat be positioned to imitate a specific aircraft's seat? 2) should the pilot wear a helmet and a mask? 3) what is the appropriate amount of head support? Based on the four cases reported it is recommended that pilots should be given the best possible conditions concerning neck support and load on the neck and the back for G-tolerance testing. Training the pilot in an anatomical neutral sitting position, without a helmet, and with maximal neck support minimizes head movements in cases of conscious or unconscious loss of muscle control. To test the stability of the neck in a setup similar to the environment where the pilot is going to operate, the pilot should be given the opportunity to prepare himself or herself accordingly in advance.
在职业生涯早期，作为成为战斗机飞行员训练的重要组成部分，飞行员要接受离心机训练，以便学习有效的抗荷动作（AGSM）并测试他们的抗荷耐力。应避免飞行员，尤其是在其职业生涯早期，接受可能导致受伤的训练。本文报告了4例在抗荷耐力训练期间出现颈部疼痛的病例，其中一些可能给飞行员带来了持续的问题。
介绍了4例描述在抗荷耐力训练期间经历的4种不同损伤的病例，包括事件经过、影像学描述和体格检查。
关于战斗机飞行员离心机训练确定了3个主要问题：1）座椅位置是否应模仿特定飞机的座椅？2）飞行员是否应佩戴头盔和面罩？3）头部支撑的合适量是多少？根据报告的4例病例，建议在进行抗荷耐力测试时，应为飞行员提供关于颈部支撑以及颈部和背部负荷的最佳条件。在解剖学中立坐姿下训练飞行员，不戴头盔，并给予最大程度的颈部支撑，可在有意识或无意识肌肉控制丧失的情况下将头部运动降至最低。为了在类似于飞行员将要操作的环境中测试颈部的稳定性，应让飞行员有机会提前做好相应准备。
