Albano J J, Stanford J B
Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1998 Dec;69(12):1193-9.
F-16 pilots have a high incidence of minor neck injuries. It was hypothesized that pilots who did neck strengthening exercises and pilots who used other preventive strategies would have fewer injuries.
We surveyed 268 U.S. Air Force F-16 pilots. Subjects were divided into two groups. Group I, the Early Intervention Group, performed an intervention, or not, from the start of their F-16 careers. Outcomes were measured as a percent of pilots reporting an injury during their F-16 careers. Group II, the Midstream Intervention Group, initiated an intervention after sustaining an injury. Injuries before and after the intervention were compared as a median injury rate per 100 h F-16 time.
The 1 -yr prevalence of neck injury was 56.6% and for an F-16 career was 85.4%. For every 100 h in the F-16, the risk of injury increased by 6.9%. Only 26.9% of the pilots routinely did neck strengthening exercises. For the Early Intervention Group, fewer injuries were associated with neck strengthening exercises and placing the head against the seat prior to loading +Gz. For the Midstream Intervention Group, a lower median injury rate was associated with neck strengthening exercises, placing the head against the seat prior to loading, warming up with stretching or isometrics, prepositioning the head prior to loading, and unloading prior to moving the head. Interventions not associated with fewer injuries included body exercises and placing the head against the canopy.
Certain strategies may prevent neck injuries. Prospective research is needed to confirm these results.
F - 16战斗机飞行员颈部轻伤的发生率很高。据推测，进行颈部强化锻炼的飞行员以及采用其他预防策略的飞行员受伤情况会更少。
我们对268名美国空军F - 16战斗机飞行员进行了调查。受试者被分为两组。第一组，早期干预组，从其F - 16战斗机飞行生涯开始就进行干预或不进行干预。以报告在其F - 16战斗机飞行生涯中受伤的飞行员百分比来衡量结果。第二组，中期干预组，在受伤后开始进行干预。将干预前后的受伤情况作为每100小时F - 16飞行时间的中位受伤率进行比较。
颈部损伤的1年患病率为56.6%，F - 16战斗机飞行生涯的患病率为85.4%。每飞行100小时F - 16战斗机，受伤风险增加6.9%。只有26.9%的飞行员定期进行颈部强化锻炼。对于早期干预组，较少的受伤情况与颈部强化锻炼以及在加载+Gz之前将头部靠在座椅上有关。对于中期干预组，较低的中位受伤率与颈部强化锻炼、加载前将头部靠在座椅上、通过伸展或等长运动进行热身、加载前调整头部位置以及移动头部前卸载有关。与较少受伤无关的干预措施包括身体锻炼和将头部靠在座舱盖上。
某些策略可能预防颈部损伤。需要进行前瞻性研究以证实这些结果。
