Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
J Nat Prod. 2013 Jul 26;76(7):1242-7. doi: 10.1021/np300841v. Epub 2013 Jul 16.
Gnetum gnemon is an arboreal dioecious plant that is cultivated in Indonesia. The seeds of this species mainly contain dimeric stilbenoid compounds [gnetin C (1), gnemonoside A (2), and gnemonoside D (3)] along with trans-resveratrol (4). trans-Resveratrol has been reported to have antiaging, anticancer, and antidiabetic effects, as well as being a calorie restriction mimetic. SIRT1 exerts a protective effect against vascular senescence. In this study, the effects of these four main stilbenoid derivatives of a G. gnemon seed endosperm ethanolic extract on endothelial senescence were investigated. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, administration of the G. gnemon ethanolic extract increased SIRT1 and decreased endothelial senescence. The concentration of 1 in blood plasma was 6-fold higher than 4 in these mice. Next, the in vitro effects of the four main stilbenoid derivatives of G. gnemon seeds were investigated. Senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells were induced by hydrogen peroxide. Endothelial senescence was inhibited by 4, which increased the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and SIRT1, whereas 1-3 had no effect. These results indicated that the ethanolic extract of G. gnemon seeds inhibits endothelial senescence, suggesting that 4 plays a critical role in the prevention of endothelial senescence.
鹰爪豆是一种雌雄异株的木本植物，在印度尼西亚被广泛种植。该物种的种子主要含有二聚体芪类化合物[淫羊藿素 C（1）、鹰爪豆苷 A（2）和鹰爪豆苷 D（3）]以及反式白藜芦醇（4）。反式白藜芦醇具有抗衰老、抗癌和抗糖尿病作用，并且是一种卡路里限制模拟物。SIRT1 对血管衰老具有保护作用。在这项研究中，研究了鹰爪豆种仁乙醇提取物中这四种主要芪类衍生物对血管内皮细胞衰老的影响。在链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病小鼠中，给予鹰爪豆乙醇提取物可增加 SIRT1 并减少内皮细胞衰老。在这些小鼠中，1 在血浆中的浓度比 4 高 6 倍。接下来，研究了鹰爪豆种子中这四种主要芪类衍生物的体外作用。用过氧化氢诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞衰老。4 抑制内皮细胞衰老，增加内皮型一氧化氮合酶和 SIRT1 的表达，而 1-3 则没有作用。这些结果表明，鹰爪豆种子的乙醇提取物可抑制内皮细胞衰老，表明 4 在预防内皮细胞衰老中起关键作用。
