Kasahara Yukiko, Ihara Masafumi, Taguchi Akihiko
Department of Regenerative Medicine Research, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan.
Front Neurol Neurosci. 2013;32:69-75. doi: 10.1159/000346416. Epub 2013 Jul 8.
Neurogenesis is principally restricted to the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle wall and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus in physiological situations. However, neuronal stem cells are known to be mobilized into the post- and peristroke area and we have demonstrated that appropriate support of these stem cells, achieved by therapeutic angiogenesis, enhances neuroregeneration followed by neuronal functional recovery in an experimental stroke model. We also found that neural stem cells are mobilized in patients after stroke, as well as in animal models. Based on these observations, we have started cell-based therapy using autologous bone marrow-derived stem/progenitor cells in patients after stroke. This review summarizes the findings of recent experimental and clinical studies that have focused on neurogenesis in the injured brain after cerebral infarction. We also refer to the challenges for future cell-based therapy, including regeneration of the aged brain.
在生理情况下，神经发生主要局限于侧脑室壁的室下区和海马齿状回的颗粒下区。然而，已知神经元干细胞会被动员到中风后和中风周围区域，并且我们已经证明，通过治疗性血管生成对这些干细胞进行适当支持，可在实验性中风模型中增强神经再生，随后实现神经元功能恢复。我们还发现，中风患者以及动物模型中的神经干细胞都会被动员起来。基于这些观察结果，我们已开始对中风患者使用自体骨髓来源的干/祖细胞进行细胞治疗。这篇综述总结了近期实验和临床研究的结果，这些研究聚焦于脑梗死后受损大脑中的神经发生。我们还提及了未来细胞治疗面临的挑战，包括老年大脑的再生。
