Schomer and Associates, Inc., 2117 Robert Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61821, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2013 Jul;134(1):767-72. doi: 10.1121/1.4808075.
Noise dose as a sole independent variable accounts only for less than half of the variance in community response data. Non-acoustic factors, such as attitude to the noise source identified by Job [(1988). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 83(3), 991-1001] and others, reduce the unexplained variance. This paper suggests that non-acoustic factors reflect the context in which the sonic environment is perceived; hence, these factors constitute the judgments of a soundscape. Fidell et al. [(2011). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 130(2), 791-806] show that a "community tolerance level" (CTL) is a one-number, community-specific, independent variable that represents the aggregate influence on annoyance judgments of all non-acoustic influences. Taken together these findings suggest that: (i) CTL is a one-number quantification of a soundscape, and (ii) a soundscape can be quantified by a single, numeric variable. It follows, if one can predict or calculate the single numeric quantification of a soundscape, that number will be the CTL. These results can only be true for a soundscape judged on the basis of annoyance. Virtually no data exist for which the respondents even had the possibility to rate the sonic environment positively, i.e., pleasing, so the application of CTL to soundscapes judged positively is not clear.
噪声剂量作为唯一的独立变量，只能解释社区反应数据中不到一半的变异。非声学因素，如由 Job [(1988). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 83(3), 991-1001]等人确定的对噪声源的态度，会降低无法解释的方差。本文认为，非声学因素反映了人们感知声音环境的背景；因此，这些因素构成了景观声音的判断。Fidell 等人 [(2011). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 130(2), 791-806]表明，“社区容忍度水平”（CTL）是一个数字，代表所有非声学影响对烦恼判断的综合影响，是一个特定社区的独立变量。这些发现表明：(i)CTL 是景观声音的一种数字量化，(ii)可以用单个数字变量来量化景观声音。如果人们可以预测或计算景观声音的单一数字量化，那么这个数字就是 CTL。这些结果仅适用于基于烦恼判断的景观声音。实际上，几乎没有数据表明受访者甚至有可能性对声音环境进行积极评价，即令人愉悦，因此 CTL 在对积极评价的景观声音的应用并不明确。
