Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2013 Aug;41(4):944-50. doi: 10.1042/BST20130046.
Akt signalling has emerged as one of the major pathways involved in myelination, implicated in the regulation of several steps during the development of myelinating Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes. One of the main pathways intimately linked with Akt is mTOR [mammalian (or mechanistic) target of rapamycin] signalling. Recent evidence suggests that many processes attributed to the Akt pathway in myelination depend, at least partly, on mTOR signalling. In the present mini-review, we summarize the major aspects of Akt/mTOR signalling and myelination, and how they appear to be linked. We focus on the PNS (peripheral nervous system), but also cover the key points of CNS (central nervous system) myelination, pointing out differences and similarities between the PNS and the CNS.
akt 信号转导已成为髓鞘形成中涉及的主要途径之一，涉及调节少突胶质细胞和施万细胞髓鞘形成过程中的几个步骤。与 akt 密切相关的主要途径之一是 mTOR[哺乳动物（或机制）雷帕霉素靶蛋白]信号转导。最近的证据表明，髓鞘形成中归因于 akt 途径的许多过程至少部分依赖于 mTOR 信号转导。在本综述中，我们总结了 akt/mTOR 信号转导和髓鞘形成的主要方面，以及它们之间的联系。我们重点介绍周围神经系统（PNS），但也涵盖中枢神经系统（CNS）髓鞘形成的要点，指出 PNS 和 CNS 之间的差异和相似之处。
