Department of Psychology and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Learn Mem. 2013 Jul 17;20(8):431-7. doi: 10.1101/lm.029223.112.
One influential model of recognition posits two underlying memory processes: recollection, which is detailed but relatively slow, and familiarity, which is quick but lacks detail. Most of the evidence for this dual-process model in nonhumans has come from analyses of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in rats, but whether ROC analyses can demonstrate dual processes has been repeatedly challenged. Here, we present independent converging evidence for the dual-process model from analyses of recognition errors made by rhesus monkeys. Recognition choices were made in three different ways depending on processing duration. Short-latency errors were disproportionately false alarms to familiar lures, suggesting control by familiarity. Medium-latency responses were less likely to be false alarms and were more accurate, suggesting onset of a recollective process that could correctly reject familiar lures. Long-latency responses were guesses. A response deadline increased false alarms, suggesting that limiting processing time weakened the contribution of recollection and strengthened the contribution of familiarity. Together, these findings suggest fast familiarity and slow recollection in monkeys, that monkeys use a "recollect to reject" strategy to countermand false familiarity, and that primate recognition performance is well-characterized by a dual-process model consisting of recollection and familiarity.
再认，它详细但相对较慢，熟悉，它快速但缺乏细节。这种双过程模型在非人类中的大多数证据来自于大鼠的接收者操作特征（ROC）曲线分析，但 ROC 分析是否能够证明双过程一直受到反复挑战。在这里，我们从恒河猴的识别错误分析中提供了独立的、趋同的双过程模型证据。根据处理持续时间，识别选择以三种不同的方式进行。短潜伏期错误对熟悉诱饵的虚报比例过高，表明熟悉度的控制。中潜伏期反应不太可能是虚报，并且更准确，表明回忆过程的开始，可以正确拒绝熟悉的诱饵。长潜伏期反应是猜测。响应截止时间增加了虚报，表明限制处理时间削弱了回忆的贡献，增强了熟悉的贡献。总之，这些发现表明猴子的快速熟悉和缓慢回忆，猴子使用“回忆以拒绝”策略来抵消虚假的熟悉度，并且灵长类动物的识别性能很好地由由回忆和熟悉度组成的双过程模型来描述。
