Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Department of Psychology, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA, USA.
Nat Commun. 2023 Dec 7;14(1):8109. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43906-8.
Dual-process accounts of item recognition posit two memory processes: slow but detailed recollection, and quick but vague familiarity. It has been proposed, based on prior rodent work, that the amygdala is critical for the familiarity aspect of item recognition. Here, we evaluated this proposal in male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) with selective bilateral excitotoxic amygdala damage. We used four established visual memory tests designed to assess different aspects of familiarity, all administered on touchscreen computers. Specifically, we assessed monkeys' tendencies to make low-latency false alarms, to make false alarms to recently seen lures, to produce curvilinear ROC curves, and to discriminate stimuli based on repetition across days. Three of the four tests showed no familiarity impairment and the fourth was explained by a deficit in reward processing. Consistent with this, amygdala damage did produce an anticipated deficit in reward processing in a three-arm-bandit gambling task, verifying the effectiveness of the lesions. Together, these results contradict prior rodent work and suggest that the amygdala is not critical for the familiarity aspect of item recognition.
双加工理论认为，项目识别存在两种记忆过程：缓慢但详细的回忆和快速但模糊的熟悉度。基于先前的啮齿动物研究，有人提出杏仁核对于项目识别的熟悉度方面至关重要。在这里，我们使用选择性双侧兴奋性毒性杏仁核损伤评估了雄性恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）中的这一假设。我们使用了四项已建立的视觉记忆测试来评估熟悉度的不同方面，所有测试均在触摸屏计算机上进行。具体来说，我们评估了猴子产生低潜伏期虚报的倾向、对最近看到的诱饵产生虚报的倾向、产生曲线 ROC 曲线的倾向以及基于多天重复来区分刺激的倾向。四项测试中有三项没有表现出熟悉度损伤，而第四项则可以用奖励处理缺陷来解释。与这一结果一致的是，杏仁核损伤确实在三臂赌博任务中产生了预期的奖励处理缺陷，验证了损伤的有效性。综上所述，这些结果与先前的啮齿动物研究相矛盾，表明杏仁核对于项目识别的熟悉度方面并非至关重要。
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