Afridi Hassan Imran, Kazi Tasneem Gul, Talpur Farah Naz, Kazi Naveed, Naeemullah Faheem Shah, Arain Sadaf Sadia, Brahman Kapil Dev
National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
Clin Lab. 2013;59(5-6):539-50. doi: 10.7754/clin.lab.2012.120517.
Electrolyte deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease progression and mortality. This study examined the association between low electrolyte concentrations in blood and scalp hair and the presence of opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Sixty-two male HIV positive patients (HIV-1) from various cities in Pakistan were recruited to the study. These Patients were divided into two groups according to secondary infections (tuberculosis and high fever with diarrhea), and biological samples (scalp hair, serum, blood and urine) were collected from them. As a comparative control group, 120 healthy subjects (males) of the same age group (31 - 45 years), socio-economic status, localities and dietary habits were also included in the study. The elements in the biological samples were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry after microwave-assisted acid digestion. Validity and accuracy of the methodology were checked using certified reference materials (CRMs) and against values obtained by a conventional wet acid digestion method on the same CRMs.
The results indicated significantly lower levels of calcium, potassium, magnesium and natrium in all analyzed biological samples (blood, serum and scalp hair) of male patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in comparison to healthy controls (p < 0.01), while the levels of these elements were found to be higher in urine samples of the AIDS patients than in those of the control group.
These data offer guidance to clinicians and other professionals investigating the deficiency of electrolytes in biological samples (scalp hair, serum and blood) of AIDS patients in relation to healthy subjects.
电解质缺乏与人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）疾病进展及死亡率增加有关。本研究探讨了获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者血液和头皮毛发中低电解质浓度与机会性感染的关系。
招募了来自巴基斯坦各城市的62名男性HIV阳性患者（HIV-1）。这些患者根据继发感染（结核病和腹泻伴高热）分为两组，并采集其生物样本（头皮毛发、血清、血液和尿液）。作为比较对照组，研究中还纳入了120名年龄相同（31 - 45岁）、社会经济地位、居住地和饮食习惯相同的健康男性受试者。生物样本中的元素经微波辅助酸消解后，采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法进行分析。使用有证标准物质（CRM）并与同一CRM采用传统湿酸消解方法获得的值进行比较，以检验该方法的有效性和准确性。
结果表明，与健康对照组相比，获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）男性患者所有分析的生物样本（血液、血清和头皮毛发）中的钙、钾、镁和钠水平显著降低（p < 0.01），而AIDS患者尿液样本中这些元素的水平高于对照组。
这些数据为临床医生和其他专业人员在研究AIDS患者生物样本（头皮毛发、血清和血液）中电解质缺乏与健康受试者的关系时提供了指导。
