Afridi Hassan Imran, Kazi Tasneem Gul, Kazi Naveed, Kandhro Ghulam Abbas, Baig Jameel Ahmed, Shah Abdul Qadir, Kolachi Nida Fatima, Wadhwa Sham Kumar, Khan Sumaira, Shah Faheem
National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
Clin Lab. 2010;56(9-10):427-39.
Many studies have examined the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and the intake of essential micronutrients (potassium (K+), calcium (Ca(2+)), magnesium (Mg(2+)), and sodium (Na+)). They may separately reduce the CVD incidence to a small degree over the short term levels. The aim of the present study was to compare the levels of micronutrients in biological samples (whole blood, urine, and scalp hair) of myocardial infarction (MI) patients of both genders where ages ranged from 45 to 60 years at first, second and third heart attack (n = 232). For comparison purposes, healthy age-matched referent subjects (n = 103) and patients with cardiovascular without MI, of both genders were also selected.
The elemental concentrations in scalp hair and whole blood were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer prior to microwave-induced acid digestion. The validity and accuracy was checked by means of certified reference materials.
The results of this study showed that the mean values of K+ and Mg(2+) were significantly reduced, while the Na+ level was higher in blood and scalp hair samples of MI patients as com-pared to control subjects of both genders (p < 0.05). The levels of Ca(2+) in the biological samples of MI patients were found to be higher than in referents, but the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). The urinary levels of these elements were found to be higher in MI patients than in the age-matched healthy controls.
Although these data do not prove a causal relationship, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that deficiency and efficiency of some essential micronutrients may play a role in the development of heart disease. The micronutrient supplements containing K+ and Mg(2+) may be beneficial, but because of potential risks, use should be carefully monitored and restricted to men taking potassium-losing diuretics.
许多研究探讨了心血管疾病（CVD）死亡率与必需微量营养素（钾（K+）、钙（Ca(2+)）、镁（Mg(2+)）和钠（Na+））摄入之间的关联。短期内，它们各自可能在一定程度上降低CVD发病率。本研究的目的是比较年龄在45至60岁之间、经历首次、第二次和第三次心脏病发作的心肌梗死（MI）患者（n = 232）男女生物样本（全血、尿液和头皮毛发）中的微量营养素水平。为作比较，还选取了年龄匹配的健康对照受试者（n = 103）以及患有心血管疾病但无MI的男女患者。
在微波诱导酸消解之前，通过火焰原子吸收分光光度计测量头皮毛发和全血中的元素浓度。通过有证标准物质检查有效性和准确性。
本研究结果表明，与男女对照组相比，MI患者血液和头皮毛发样本中的K+和Mg(2+)平均值显著降低，而Na+水平较高（p < 0.05）。发现MI患者生物样本中的Ca(2+)水平高于对照，但差异不显著（p > 0.05）。发现MI患者尿液中这些元素的水平高于年龄匹配的健康对照组。
尽管这些数据并未证明因果关系，但这些结果与以下假设一致，即某些必需微量营养素的缺乏和失衡可能在心脏病发展中起作用。含有K+和Mg(2+)的微量营养素补充剂可能有益，但由于存在潜在风险，使用时应仔细监测，并仅限于服用排钾利尿剂的男性。
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