1 College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University , Changchun, China .
Tissue Eng Part A. 2014 Jan;20(1-2):239-49. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2013.0197. Epub 2013 Aug 21.
Rotator cuff injuries are a common clinical problem either as a result of overuse or aging. Biological approaches to tendon repair that involve use of scaffolding materials or cell-based approaches are currently being investigated. The cell-based approaches are focused on applying multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mostly harvested from bone marrow. In the present study, we focused on characterizing cells harvested from tissues associated with rotator cuff tendons based on an assumption that these cells would be more appropriate for tendon repair. We isolated MSCs from bursa tissue associated with rotator cuff tendons and characterized them for multilineage differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Human bursa was obtained from patients undergoing rotator cuff surgery and cells within were isolated using collagenase and dispase digestion. The cells isolated from the tissues were characterized for osteoblastic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and tenogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the cells isolated from bursa tissue exhibited MSCs characteristics as evidenced by the expression of putative cell surface markers attributed to MSCs. The cells exhibited high proliferative capacity and differentiated toward cells of mesenchymal lineages with high efficiency. Bursa-derived cells expressed markers of tenocytes when treated with bone morphogenetic protein-12 (BMP-12) and assumed aligned morphology in culture. Bursa cells pretreated with BMP-12 and seeded in ceramic scaffolds formed extensive bone, as well as tendon-like tissue in vivo. Bone formation was demonstrated by histological analysis and immunofluorescence for DMP-1 in tissue sections made from the scaffolds seeded with the cells. Tendon-like tissue formed in vivo consisted of parallel collagen fibres typical of tendon tissues. Bursa-derived cells also formed a fibrocartilagenous tissue in the ceramic scaffolds. Taken together, the results demonstrate a new source of MSCs with a high potential for application in tendon repair.
肩袖损伤是一种常见的临床问题，无论是由于过度使用还是老化引起的。目前正在研究涉及使用支架材料或基于细胞的方法来修复肌腱的生物学方法。基于细胞的方法主要集中在应用多能间充质干细胞（MSCs），这些细胞主要从骨髓中提取。在本研究中，我们专注于从与肩袖肌腱相关的组织中提取细胞，基于这些细胞更适合肌腱修复的假设。我们从与肩袖肌腱相关的滑囊中分离出 MSCs，并在体外和体内对其进行多谱系分化进行了特征描述。从接受肩袖手术的患者中获得人滑囊，并使用胶原酶和Dispase 消化法分离其中的细胞。从组织中分离出的细胞在体外和体内进行成骨、成脂、成软骨和成腱分化的特征描述。结果表明，从滑囊组织中分离出的细胞表现出 MSCs 的特征，这表现为表达归因于 MSCs 的假定细胞表面标志物。这些细胞具有较高的增殖能力，并能高效地分化为间充质谱系细胞。当用骨形态发生蛋白-12（BMP-12）处理时，滑囊来源的细胞表达肌腱细胞标志物，并在培养中呈现出对齐的形态。用 BMP-12 预处理并接种在陶瓷支架中的滑囊细胞在体内形成了广泛的骨组织，以及类似肌腱的组织。组织学分析和对支架中细胞进行免疫荧光分析表明，在支架中形成了骨组织。在体内形成的类似肌腱的组织由典型的肌腱组织的平行胶原纤维组成。滑囊来源的细胞也在陶瓷支架中形成了纤维软骨组织。总之，这些结果证明了一种新的 MSCs 来源，具有很高的肌腱修复应用潜力。
