From the *Department of Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; and †Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cardiol Rev. 2014 Jan-Feb;22(1):25-9. doi: 10.1097/CRD.0b013e31829e852b.
Despite the mortality and morbidity burden associated with cardiovascular disease in women, there is insufficient knowledge regarding gender specificities in both biomedical and psychosocial domains. Gender differences in both pathophysiology and biological risk factors might explain distinct prevalence rates, symptom profiles, and even medical outcomes, but gender-related specificities regarding psychosocial risk factors might further explain this. The authors review the key issues on this topic and outline suggestions for future research. Ultimately, a better understanding of this matter will translate not only into improved clinical management of female patients, but also gender-specific strategies in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
尽管心血管疾病给女性带来了死亡率和发病率负担，但在生物医学和社会心理领域，女性特有的相关知识仍然不足。在病理生理学和生物风险因素方面都存在性别差异，这可能解释了不同的流行率、症状特征，甚至医疗结果，但与社会心理风险因素相关的性别特异性可能进一步解释了这一点。作者回顾了这个主题的关键问题，并为未来的研究提出了建议。最终，对这一问题的更好理解不仅将转化为女性患者临床管理的改善，而且还将转化为心血管疾病预防的性别特异性策略。
