Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2013 Nov;92(11):1284-9. doi: 10.1111/aogs.12224. Epub 2013 Aug 19.
To assess changes in self-reported fertility from the mid-1990s to the mid-2000s.
The study is a retrospective population-based study.
The study applied a dataset from two cross-sectional surveys conducted in the mid-1990s and some 10 years later, inviting all women in a county in Norway.
Women aged 50-59 years enrolled in either survey constituted two cohorts. Data on 4468 women in the first survey (Cohort 1940) and 4951 women in the latter survey (Cohort 1950) were collected by structured questionnaires.
Prevalence of fertility, infertility with subcategories subfertility and involuntary childlessness, as well as childlessness was estimated and compared between the surveys. Possible sociodemographic and lifestyle predictors of fertility were assessed at different points in time.
Fertility declined over the two successive surveys; 87.8% of the women in Cohort 1940 were fertile compared with 84.2% of the women in Cohort 1950 (p = 0.000). The prevalence of infertility increased over time due to an increase in subfertility from 7.8 to 10.6% (p = 0.000). The level of education increased with time, as did at-risk alcohol consumption and smoking, and these factors were adversely associated with fertility. The proportion of childless women increased across surveys (p = 0.004) but relatively fewer women were involuntarily childless in Cohort 1950 than in Cohort 1940 (p = 0.543).
Fertility, measured at 10-year intervals, declined significantly. The decline in fertility was related to changes in subfertility. Adjustments for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors did not fully explain the decline in fertility.
评估 1990 年代中期至 2000 年代中期自我报告生育率的变化。
该研究是一项回顾性基于人群的研究。
该研究应用了挪威一个县在 1990 年代中期和大约 10 年后进行的两项横断面调查的数据，邀请了该县的所有女性参加。
参加任何一项调查的 50-59 岁女性构成两个队列。第一次调查（队列 1940）中共有 4468 名女性和后一次调查（队列 1950）中共有 4951 名女性的数据通过结构化问卷收集。
生育率、不孕不育及其亚类（生育力低下和非意愿性不孕）以及不孕不育的患病率，通过两次调查进行估计和比较。在不同时间点评估了可能的社会人口统计学和生活方式预测因素与生育率的关系。
两次连续调查中生育率均下降；与队列 1940 中的 87.8%的女性相比，队列 1950 中的 84.2%的女性具有生育能力（p=0.000）。由于生育力低下的比例从 7.8%增加到 10.6%（p=0.000），不孕不育的患病率随着时间的推移而增加。教育水平随着时间的推移而提高，高危饮酒和吸烟的比例也有所增加，这些因素与生育能力呈负相关。在调查中，无子女女性的比例增加（p=0.004），但与队列 1940 相比，队列 1950 中相对较少的女性是非意愿性不孕（p=0.543）。
以 10 年为间隔测量的生育率显著下降。生育率的下降与生育力低下的变化有关。对社会人口统计学和生活方式因素进行调整并未完全解释生育率的下降。
