University of California, San Diego, Division of Biological Sciences, Molecular Biology, UCSD Moores Cancer Center, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0347, USA.
Trends Genet. 2013 Nov;29(11):621-9. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2013.06.006. Epub 2013 Jul 16.
Chromatin remodelers use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to reposition or evict nucleosomes or to replace canonical histones with histone variants. By regulating nucleosome dynamics, remodelers gate access to the underlying DNA for replication, repair, and transcription. Nucleosomes are subject to extensive post-translational modifications that can recruit regulatory proteins or alter the local chromatin structure. Just as extensive crosstalk has been observed between different histone post-translational modifications, there is growing evidence for both coordinated and antagonistic functional relations between nucleosome remodeling and modifying machineries. Defining the combined functions of the complexes that alter nucleosome interactions, position, and stability is key to understanding processes that require access to DNA, particularly with growing appreciation of their contributions to human health and disease. Here, we highlight recent advances in the interactions between histone modifications and the imitation-switch (ISWI) and chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 1 (CHD1) chromatin remodelers from studies in budding yeast, fission yeast, flies, and mammalian cells, with a focus on yeast.
染色质重塑因子利用 ATP 水解的能量来重新定位或驱逐核小体，或用组蛋白变体取代经典组蛋白。通过调节核小体动力学，重塑因子可以为复制、修复和转录打开进入基础 DNA 的通道。核小体受到广泛的翻译后修饰，这些修饰可以招募调节蛋白或改变局部染色质结构。正如不同组蛋白翻译后修饰之间已经观察到广泛的串扰一样，核小体重塑和修饰机制之间存在协调和拮抗的功能关系的证据也越来越多。定义改变核小体相互作用、位置和稳定性的复合物的综合功能是理解需要访问 DNA 的过程的关键，特别是随着人们越来越认识到它们对人类健康和疾病的贡献。在这里，我们重点介绍了芽殖酵母、裂殖酵母、果蝇和哺乳动物细胞中组蛋白修饰与模仿开关（ISWI）和染色质解旋酶 DNA 结合蛋白 1（CHD1）染色质重塑因子之间相互作用的最新进展，重点是酵母。
