University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University, Department of Urology, 37099 Göttingen, Germany.
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2014 Jan;139:290-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.06.009. Epub 2013 Jul 17.
Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in men of the Western world. A castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) eventually will arise when a local restricted prostate carcinoma was not cured duly by radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy. Although androgen ablation therapies are considered the gold standard for treatments of advanced prostate cancer there is no curative therapy available at present. In previous pre-clinical and clinical trials several phytoestrogens were investigated for their anticancer potential in various models for prostate cancer. Phytoestrogens feature tumour preventive characteristics and most probably are involved in the low incidence rate of hormone related cancers in Asian countries. Phytoestrogens such as isoflavones can have a marked impact on the most essential therapy target of CRPC i.e. the androgen receptor. Furthermore, functional analyses solidified the notion of such drugs as androgen antagonistic. Phytoestrogens commonly feature low toxicity combined with a potential of targeted therapy. Thus, these drugs qualify for conceivable implementation in prostate cancer patients under active surveillance. In addition, relapse prevention with these drugs after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy might be considered. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Phytoestrogens'.
前列腺癌是西方世界男性癌症死亡的主要原因。当局限性前列腺癌未能通过根治性前列腺切除术或放射治疗得到适当治疗时，最终会出现去势抵抗性前列腺癌（CRPC）。虽然雄激素剥夺疗法被认为是治疗晚期前列腺癌的金标准，但目前尚无治愈性疗法。在以前的临床前和临床试验中，几种植物雌激素因其在各种前列腺癌模型中的抗癌潜力而被研究。植物雌激素具有肿瘤预防特性，可能与亚洲国家激素相关性癌症发病率低有关。植物雌激素，如异黄酮，可以对 CRPC 的最重要治疗靶点（即雄激素受体）产生显著影响。此外，功能分析证实了这些药物具有雄激素拮抗作用。植物雌激素通常具有低毒性和靶向治疗的潜力。因此，这些药物有资格在接受主动监测的前列腺癌患者中使用。此外，在根治性前列腺切除术或放射治疗后，这些药物也可以考虑用于预防复发。本文是一个题为“植物雌激素”的特刊的一部分。
