Área Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain.
PLoS One. 2013 Jul 9;8(7):e69337. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069337. Print 2013.
The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamics of nasal carriage by Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (SP) among healthy dog-owning household members involved in 7 previous index cases of suspected anthropozoonotic (n = 4) and zoonotic (n = 3) interspecies transmission [4 direct cases, identical SA (n = 3) or SP (n = 1) in owner and dog; three indirect, SP in owner (n = 2) or SA in dog (n = 1)]. Co-carriage with methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) was also evaluated. Sixteen owners and 10 dogs were sampled once every three months for one year. In total, 50 SA and 31 SP were analysed by MLST, and SA also by spa typing. All isolates were subjected to ApaI/SmaI-PFGE and antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiles were determined. All index owners were persistent SA carriers in all direct-anthropozoonotic transmission cases, while only one dog was persistent SA carrier. Owner and dog exhibited a persistent SP carriage status in the direct-zoonotic transmission case. SP was maintained in the index human over time in one indirect-zoonotic transmission case. Only one SP was methicillin-resistant. SA belonged to genetic backgrounds of MRSA pandemic clones: CC45, CC121, CC30, CC5 and CC398. Three individuals carried a MSSA t1451-ST398 clone with the erm(T)-cadD/cadX resistance genes. SA or SP were persistently detected in the nasal cavity of 7 (43.8%) and 2 (12.5%) owners, and in one and 2 dogs, respectively. SA was recovered as the single species in 10 owners and in one dog; SP in 3 owners and 4 dogs; and both bacterial species in one owner and 4 dogs. Co-carriage of SA or SP with MRCoNS isolates was common (30.7%). This is the first study on the dynamics of nasal carriage of SA and SP in healthy pet-owning household members. Dog-contact may play a role in the staphylococcal species distribution of in-contact individuals.
本研究旨在调查在之前 7 例疑似人畜共患病（n=4）和动物源性感染（n=3）人际传播的索引病例中，与健康养犬家庭成员有关的金黄色葡萄球菌（SA）和中间葡萄球菌（SP）鼻腔携带的动态变化[4 例直接感染，主人和狗中均存在相同的 SA（n=3）或 SP（n=1）；3 例间接感染，主人中存在 SP（n=2）或狗中存在 SA（n=1）]。还评估了耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRCoNS）的共同携带情况。16 名主人和 10 只狗在一年中每三个月采样一次。共分析了 50 株 SA 和 31 株 SP，采用 MLST 进行分析，SA 还进行 spa 分型。所有分离株均进行 ApaI/SmaI-PFGE 分析，并测定抗菌药物耐药性和毒力谱。所有索引主人在所有直接人畜共患病传播病例中均为持续 SA 携带者，而只有 1 只狗为持续 SA 携带者。在直接动物源性传播病例中，主人和狗均表现出持续的 SP 携带状态。在 1 例间接动物源性传播病例中，SP 随着时间的推移在索引人身上得以维持。只有 1 株 SP 对甲氧西林耐药。SA 属于 MRSA 流行克隆的遗传背景：CC45、CC121、CC30、CC5 和 CC398。3 个人携带 erm(T)-cadD/cadX 耐药基因的 MSSA t1451-ST398 克隆。7 名（43.8%）和 2 名（12.5%）主人的鼻腔中持续检测到 SA 或 SP，1 只狗和 2 只狗分别持续检测到 SA 或 SP。10 名主人和 1 只狗中仅分离到 SA 一种细菌；3 名主人和 4 只狗中分离到 SP 一种细菌；1 名主人和 4 只狗中分离到两种细菌。SA 或 SP 与 MRCoNS 分离株的共同携带很常见（30.7%）。这是第一份关于健康养宠物家庭成员中 SA 和 SP 鼻腔携带动态变化的研究。狗接触可能在接触个体的葡萄球菌种分布中发挥作用。
