Odongo-Aginya Emmanuel I, Kironde Fk, Lyazi Mi, Sempewo Harman, Correa Oliveira Rodrigo
Microbiology Department Gulu University P.O.Box 166 Gulu UGANDA.
Afr J Infect Dis. 2011;5(2):33-9. doi: 10.4314/ajid.v5i2.66511.
Praziquantel (PZQ) is efficacious against Schistosoma mansoni. This was prospective cohort study. This study was carried out at Kigungu fishing village, Entebbe, Uganda. The goal of the study was to establish cost effective regiment for mass drug administration (MDA) of Praziquentel in the morbidity reduction of S.mansoni infection. In January 2004, nine hundred and forty five (945) participants were registered in this study. Our analysis was based on examining microscopically three slides prepared from each of 945 stool specimens delivered by each of the participant using modified Kato/Katz method. These included male and female, children and adults living in Kigungu fishing village in Entebbe Uganda. In total 901, cohorts were re-examined for infections clearance six months later in July 2004 and 18 months later in June 2005, 625 cohorts were again re-evaluated for S.mansoni infections after the baseline study. At baseline, (448) of 945 (47.5%) cohorts were S. mansoni positive. All these participants were treatment with a single oral dose of praziquantel at 40mg/kg. At the same time, 495 (52.5%) were S. mansoni negative. Of the 625 (66.3%) cohorts who came back for final review, 80 (12.8%) were still positive for S. mansoni while 210 (33.6%) remained negative after the base line treatment with praziquantel. On the other hand 103 (16.3%) of cohorts who were initially negative at the base line became S.mansoni positive after 18 months and 213(34.1%) remained negative for S.mansoni. The force of re-infection after six months was significant {(P=0.0001), (OR 0.47) CI at 95% (0.31-0.71)}. Nevertheless the force of reinfection was not significant after 18 months {(P=0.766), (OR 0.95) CI at 95% (0.68-1.34)}.The geometric mean eggs excretion of the 80 cohorts who were S.mansoni positive at 18 months was 151.967.This did not reach the geometric mean egg excreted by the same cohorts at baseline which was 285.05. The egg excretion was reduced by 46.8%. Similarly there was marked decrease in clinical symptoms amongst the cohorts. Our study suggests evidence of long-term benefit of praziquantel in Kigungu and that a yearly administration of praziquantel to the community could be a regiment for mass drug administration (MAD) for this community to control schistosomiasis morbidity.
吡喹酮（PZQ）对曼氏血吸虫有效。这是一项前瞻性队列研究。该研究在乌干达恩德培的基贡古渔村开展。本研究的目的是确定在降低曼氏血吸虫感染发病率方面进行吡喹酮群体药物给药（MDA）的经济有效方案。2004年1月，945名参与者登记参加了本研究。我们的分析基于使用改良加藤/凯茨法对每位参与者提供的945份粪便标本中的每一份制备的三张玻片进行显微镜检查。这些参与者包括居住在乌干达恩德培基贡古渔村的男性和女性、儿童和成年人。2004年7月，总共901名队列在六个月后接受了感染清除复查，2005年6月在18个月后再次复查，625名队列在基线研究后再次接受曼氏血吸虫感染评估。在基线时，945名（47.5%）队列中448名曼氏血吸虫检测呈阳性。所有这些参与者均接受了40mg/kg单剂量口服吡喹酮治疗。同时，495名（52.5%）检测呈阴性。在回来接受最终复查的625名（66.3%）队列中，80名（12.8%）曼氏血吸虫检测仍呈阳性，而210名（33.6%）在接受基线吡喹酮治疗后仍呈阴性。另一方面，103名（16.3%）在基线时最初检测呈阴性的队列在18个月后曼氏血吸虫检测呈阳性，213名（34.1%）曼氏血吸虫检测仍呈阴性。六个月后的再感染率显著{（P = 0.0001），（OR 0.47）95%置信区间（0.31 - 0.71）}。然而，18个月后的再感染率不显著{（P = 0.766），（OR 0.95）95%置信区间（0.68 - 1.34）}。18个月时曼氏血吸虫检测呈阳性的80名队列的几何平均虫卵排泄量为151.967。这未达到同一队列在基线时的几何平均虫卵排泄量285.05。虫卵排泄量减少了46.8%。同样，队列中的临床症状也有明显减轻。我们的研究表明吡喹酮在基贡古具有长期益处，并且每年对该社区进行吡喹酮给药可能是该社区控制血吸虫病发病率的群体药物给药方案。
