Martin Teri L, Solbeck Patricia A M, Mayers Daryl J, Langille Robert M, Buczek Yvona, Pelletier Marc R
Toxicology Section, Centre of Forensic Sciences, 25 Morton Shulman Ave., Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Forensic Sci. 2013 Sep;58(5):1238-1250. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.12227. Epub 2013 Jul 23.
The operation of a motor vehicle requires the integrity of sensory, motor, and intellectual faculties. Impairment of these faculties following the consumption of alcohol has been studied extensively through laboratory, closed-course and on-road driving, and epidemiological studies. The scientific literature was reviewed critically, with a focus on low-to-moderate blood alcohol concentrations (BAC ≤ 0.100%), to identify the most reliable determinants of alcohol-impaired driving. Variables such as age, gender, driving skill, and tolerance were shown to have limited impact on impairment. It was concluded the most relevant variables are BAC and complexity of the driving task. The scientific literature provides a high degree of confidence to support the conclusion that a BAC of 0.050% impairs faculties required in the operation of a motor vehicle. Whether impairment is apparent depends upon the complexity of the driving task, which applies to both study design and actual driving.
驾驶机动车需要感觉、运动和智力机能的完整性。通过实验室研究、封闭道路和道路驾驶以及流行病学研究，人们对饮酒后这些机能的损害进行了广泛研究。对科学文献进行了批判性审查，重点关注低至中度血液酒精浓度（BAC≤0.100%），以确定酒精影响驾驶的最可靠决定因素。年龄、性别、驾驶技能和耐受性等变量对损害的影响有限。得出的结论是，最相关的变量是BAC和驾驶任务的复杂性。科学文献为支持以下结论提供了高度的可信度：BAC为0.050%会损害驾驶机动车所需的机能。损害是否明显取决于驾驶任务的复杂性，这在研究设计和实际驾驶中均适用。
