Claye L H, Soliman K F
College of Pharmacy, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee.
Pharmacology. 1990;40(4):218-23. doi: 10.1159/000138662.
Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 170 and 204 g and maintained under controlled lighting and temperature conditions were used in this experiment. One group of animals was treated with 30 mg/kg of cocaine hydrochloride and the other group with saline. Rats were decapitated 20 min after cocaine injection and their brains were removed and the different regions including the medulla, pons, midbrain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, thalamus, hippocampus, and the cortex were dissected. All brain regions were assayed for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. The results obtained indicated that the administration of cocaine was associated with significant increases (p less than 0.01) in AChE activity in the medulla, pons, midbrain, hypothalamus, thalamus, and also in the hippocampus (p less than 0.05). A significant decrease in ChAT activity was found in the pons (p less than 0.01), hypothalamus, and thalamus (p less than 0.05), while a significant increase in ChAT activity was found in the cortex (p less than 0.05). The results suggest that the changes in general activity followed by stereotypic behavior may be related to the changes in the levels of cholinergic enzymes in specific brain regions.
本实验使用体重在170至204克之间、饲养于可控光照和温度条件下的成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠。一组动物用30毫克/千克盐酸可卡因处理，另一组用生理盐水处理。在注射可卡因20分钟后将大鼠断头，取出其大脑，并解剖包括延髓、脑桥、中脑、小脑、下丘脑、丘脑、海马体和皮质在内的不同区域。对所有脑区进行胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性检测。所得结果表明，给予可卡因与延髓、脑桥、中脑、下丘脑、丘脑以及海马体中AChE活性显著增加（p小于0.01）相关，在海马体中AChE活性也显著增加（p小于0.05）。在脑桥（p小于0.01）、下丘脑和丘脑（p小于0.05）中发现ChAT活性显著降低，而在皮质中发现ChAT活性显著增加（p小于0.05）。结果表明，随后出现刻板行为的一般活动变化可能与特定脑区胆碱能酶水平的变化有关。
