Diagnostic Laboratories, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Br J Haematol. 2013 Oct;163(1):3-9. doi: 10.1111/bjh.12476. Epub 2013 Jul 24.
Blood group genotyping is gaining widespread adoption in blood centres and transfusion services. The current interest for a blood centre is its use as a screening tool to accurately predict donor phenotypes. However, not only is blood group genotyping used to screen for uncommon and rare types on a mass-scale, it can be used to optimize the inventory of multiple antigen-negative screened units. In addition, blood group genotyping provides blood types when antisera are not available, it can predict weak and variant antigens, and can aid in the resolution of ABO discrepancies. There are quality improvement benefits in blood group genotyping because it can screen for RHD alleles in Rh-negative blood donors and can be used to confirm that donors are suitable for reagent red cell production. It is possible that blood group genotyping information may be used as a donor recruitment tool. Given that genotyping can convey much more information about the expression of some complex antigens, e.g. hrB, Uvar, and Duffy, clinical trials are probably needed to show that genotyped or 'dry matched' transfusions are superior to phenotyped blood.
血型基因分型在血库和输血服务中得到了广泛应用。目前,血库对其的应用主要是作为一种筛选工具,以准确预测供者表型。然而,血型基因分型不仅用于大规模筛选罕见和稀有类型,还可以用于优化多种抗原阴性筛选单位的库存。此外,当没有抗血清时,血型基因分型可以提供血型,它可以预测弱抗原和变体抗原,并有助于解决 ABO 差异。血型基因分型具有质量改进的好处,因为它可以筛选 Rh 阴性献血者中的 RHD 等位基因,也可以用于确认献血者是否适合试剂红细胞的生产。血型基因分型信息可能被用作献血者招募工具。鉴于基因分型可以传递更多关于某些复杂抗原表达的信息,例如 hrB、Uvar 和 Duffy,可能需要进行临床试验来证明基因分型或“干式配型”输血优于表型配型输血。