Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.
Vet Microbiol. 2013 Nov 29;167(1-2):93-122. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.06.015. Epub 2013 Jul 3.
Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is the causative agent of equine viral arteritis (EVA), a respiratory and reproductive disease of equids. There has been significant recent progress in understanding the molecular biology of EAV and the pathogenesis of its infection in horses. In particular, the use of contemporary genomic techniques, along with the development and reverse genetic manipulation of infectious cDNA clones of several strains of EAV, has generated significant novel information regarding the basic molecular biology of the virus. Therefore, the objective of this review is to summarize current understanding of EAV virion architecture, replication, evolution, molecular epidemiology and genetic variation, pathogenesis including the influence of host genetics on disease susceptibility, host immune response, and potential vaccination and treatment strategies.
马动脉炎病毒（EAV）是马病毒性动脉炎（EVA）的病原体，EVA 是马属动物的一种呼吸道和生殖系统疾病。近年来，人们在理解 EAV 的分子生物学和其在马中的感染发病机制方面取得了重大进展。特别是，使用现代基因组技术以及几种 EAV 毒株的传染性 cDNA 克隆的开发和反向遗传操作，为该病毒的基本分子生物学提供了重要的新信息。因此，本综述的目的是总结目前对 EAV 病毒粒子结构、复制、进化、分子流行病学和遗传变异、发病机制（包括宿主遗传学对疾病易感性的影响）、宿主免疫反应以及潜在的疫苗接种和治疗策略的理解。
