Luna Sánchez Antonio, Rodríguez Benjumeda Luis Miguel, Ortega Sánchez Paula Cristina
Servicio de Epidemiología, Distrito Sanitario Aljarafe-Sevilla Norte, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Sevilla, España.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2013 May-Jun;87(3):257-66. doi: 10.4321/S1135-57272013000300005.
In 2011 in Seville (Spain), measles outbreak affected 1759 people. It began in the neighbourhood of Santa Isabel (city San Juan de Aznalfarache), where Roma community resides. We described the outbreak epidemiologically and calculated the risk of disease in the population.
Descriptive study of outbreak and cohort study. Exposed population was considered to Barriada resident and not exposed to the rest of the municipality. The data sources were: the Institute of Statistics of Andalusia, the social services of San Juan´s town and the Epidemiological Surveillance System of Andalusia. We described the outbreak and incidences were calculated and Relative Risk. The cases were confirmed by clinical, laboratory and/or epidemiological.
In the neighbourhood the cases were concentrated among the group between 2 and 19 years, while in the rest of the town occurred in children under 2 and over 19 years. The overall incidence of the outbreak was 0,98 per 1.000 inhabitants, 4,94 in San Juan; from 23,15 in the exposed, 2,1 in the unexposed and in the group of 2-19 years 89,58 in the neighbourhood and 5,33 in the rest on the town.
The outbreak affected more children under 20 years old, unvaccinated and residents in the neighborhood Santa Isabel. The risk of falling ill with measles in the neighbourhood was 11 and 17 in the group between 2 and 19 years. We need to develop strategies to reduce health inequalities that accompany some outbreaks.
2011年在西班牙塞维利亚，麻疹疫情影响了1759人。疫情始于圣伊莎贝尔社区（圣胡安德阿兹纳尔法拉切市），罗姆人社区居住于此。我们对此次疫情进行了流行病学描述，并计算了人群中的疾病风险。
疫情描述性研究和队列研究。暴露人群被视为巴里阿达居民，而该市其他地区为非暴露人群。数据来源为：安达卢西亚统计局、圣胡安市社会服务部门以及安达卢西亚流行病学监测系统。我们描述了疫情情况并计算了发病率和相对风险。病例通过临床、实验室和/或流行病学方法确诊。
在该社区，病例集中在2至19岁年龄组，而在该市其他地区，病例发生在2岁以下和19岁以上儿童中。疫情总体发病率为每1000名居民0.98例，圣胡安市为4.94例；暴露人群中为23.15例，非暴露人群中为2.1例，在2至19岁年龄组中，该社区为89.58例，该市其他地区为5.33例。
此次疫情影响了更多20岁以下未接种疫苗的圣伊莎贝尔社区居民。该社区2至19岁年龄组患麻疹的风险分别为11倍和17倍。我们需要制定策略来减少伴随某些疫情出现的健康不平等现象。
